ReviewTrends in neurosciences2016
New Learning and Unlearning: Strangers or Accomplices in Threat Memory Attenuation?
Review in Trends in neurosciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prazosin during threat discrimination boosts memory of the safe stimulus.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2017Trial
- Linking functional and structural dendritic spine remodeling during fear learning and extinction in vivo.Science advances · 2026Article
- Olfactory tubercle mediates adaptive social behavior by controlling threat assessment and the expression of social threat memories during recall in male mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Not the same as it ever was: A review of memory modification, updating, and distortion in humans and rodents.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Synaptic potentiation of engram cells is necessary and sufficient for context fear memory.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Distinct neural responses of ventromedial prefrontal cortex-projecting nucleus reuniens neurons during aversive memory extinction.Molecular brain · 2025Article
- Article
- Ventral hippocampal interneurons govern extinction and relapse of contextual associations.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Memory engram stability and flexibility.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Memory Trace for Fear Extinction: Fragile yet Reinforceable.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- Post-retrieval stress impairs subsequent memory depending on hippocampal memory trace reinstatement during reactivation.Science advances · 2024Article
- Engrams of Fear Memory Attenuation.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Olfactory threat extinction in the piriform cortex: An age-dependent employment of NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The Basolateral Amygdala: The Core of a Network for Threat Conditioning, Extinction, and Second-Order Threat Conditioning.Biology · 2023Review
- Fear extinction relies on ventral hippocampal safety codes shaped by the amygdala.Science advances · 2023Article
- Locus coeruleus input-modulated reactivation of dentate gyrus opioid-withdrawal engrams promotes extinction.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Opto-extinction of a threat memory in mice.Brain research bulletin · 2022Article
- Hippocampus and amygdala fear memory engrams re-emerge after contextual fear relapse.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Control of fear by discrete prefrontal GABAergic populations encoding valence-specific information.Neuron · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To achieve greatest efficacy, therapies for attenuating fear and anxiety should preclude the re-emergence of emotional responses. Of relevance to this aim, preclinical models of threat memory reduction are considered to engage one of two discrete neural processes: either establishment of a new behavioral response that competes with, and thereby temporarily interferes with the expression of, threat memory (new learning) or one that modifies and thereby disrupts threat memory (unlearning). We contend that a strict dichotomy of new learning and unlearning does not provide a compelling explanation for current data. Instead, we suggest that the evidence warrants consideration of alternative models that assume cooperation rather than competition between formation of new cellular traces and the modification of preexisting ones.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.