SynthesisPloS one2016
Cholesterol as a Risk Factor for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dyslipidemia and rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms-a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2021Pooled it
- Enhancing Comorbidity Management in Patients With Hemorrhagic Stroke via an Electronic Health Record-Linked Best Practice Alert: A Pre/Post Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Hemorrhage Volume in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Metabolomic and lipidomic pathways in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- Modifiable Risk Factors for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Narrative Review With an Emphasis on Common Controversies and Epidemiologic Pitfalls.Neurology · 2024Review
- High levels of blood lipid and glucose predict adverse prognosis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Development of a predictive nomogram for 28-day mortality risk in non-traumatic or post-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Selection bias in patients proposed for neurosurgical versus endovascular treatment of aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2022Article
- Development and Clinical Translation of a Perioperative Nomogram Incorporating Free Fatty Acids to Predict Poor Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Treatment.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Physical activity associates with subarachnoid hemorrhage risk- a population-based long-term cohort study.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Common risk factors for major noncommunicable disease, a systematic overview of reviews and commentary: the implied potential for targeted risk reduction.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2019Review
- Impact of Comorbidities and Smoking on the Outcome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Polymorphism and plasma levels of apolipoprotein E and the risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a Chinese population: a case-control study.Lipids in health and disease · 2018Article
- Article
- Risk Factors for Unfavorable Outcome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Revisited; Odds and Ends.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe role played by total cholesterol (TC) in risk for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is unclear because studies report both high and low TC each as a risk factor. We performed a systematic review to clarify associations between lipid profile and SAH.
methodsOur literature search comprised Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases with no language, publication year, or study type limitations. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist guided our reporting. Data forms adapted from the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP), and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines provided a platform for risk-of-bias evaluation. We used a random effects model to calculate pooled estimates and assessed heterogeneity with I2-statistics.
resultsOf the final 21 studies reviewed, 12 were prospective and 9 retrospective. All studies assessed TC, four assessed HDL, and none LDL in risk for SAH. Heterogeneity among all, retrospective, and Asian studies was high (I2 = 79.5%, I2 = 89.0%, and I2 = 84.3%) and considerable in prospective (I2 = 46.0%). We therefore focused on qualitative analysis and found that only two studies had a low risk of bias. According to these studies high TC increases risk for SAH in men, whereas the role of HDL remained unclear.
conclusionThe low-risk-of-bias studies suggest that elevated TC levels elevate risk for SAH in men. Due to the high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, population attributable risk (PAR) of hypercholesterolemia may exceed the PARs of smoking and hypertension in men. Apart from diabetes and obesity, the risk-factor profile of SAH seems to resemble that of other cerebrovascular diseases, at least in men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.