Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27077569›Full record

Observational studyThe journal of spinal cord medicine2017

Psychological defense mechanisms among individuals with SCI with adjustment disorder.

Manijeh Yazdanshenas Ghazwin, Seyed Amir Hossein Tavakoli, Sahar Latifi, Hooshang Saberi, Nazi Derakhshanrad, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Majid Sadeghi, Seyed-Hassan Emami Razavi, Abbas Norouzi Javidan, Seyed-Mohammad Ghodsi

Open access · greenAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Manijeh Yazdanshenas Ghazwina Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Seyed Amir Hossein Tavakolib Iranian Tissue Bank & Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Sahar Latifia Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Hooshang Saberic Department of Neurosurgery , Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Nazi Derakhshanrada Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Mir Saeed Yekaninejadd Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Majid Sadeghie Psychiatric and Psychology Research Center , Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Seyed-Hassan Emami Razavia Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Abbas Norouzi Javidana Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Seyed-Mohammad Ghodsia Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences · IRImam Khomeini Hospital · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe used psychological defense styles among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) with adjustment disorders (AJD) have not yet been described. In the present investigation, the prevalence of AJD among people with SCI has been estimated and the pattern of used defense styles has been identified.

designCross-sectional investigation.

settingA tertiary rehabilitation center in Iran.

participantsIndividuals referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center were invited to participate in a screening interview. AJD was diagnosed based on DSM-V criteria. Those with AJD diagnosis were scheduled for another interview to assess defense mechanisms. OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic and injury-related variables were recorded. Defense mechanisms were assessed by the 40-item version of the Defense-Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40).

resultsAmong 114 participants, 32 (28%) were diagnosed with AJD among whom 23 subjects attended the second interview. Mean age and time since injury were 29.57 ± 9.29 years and 11.70 ± 6.34 months, respectively. The majority of patients were using idealization defense mechanism (91.3%). In the second and third place, passive aggression (87.0%) and somatization (82.6%) defense mechanisms were observed, respectively. Neurotic style was dominantly used (11.52 ± 2.26). Sex, marital status, educational level, cause of the injury and injury level were not related to defense style (P: 0.38, 0.69, 0.88, 0.73, and P: 0.32, respectively).

conclusionPrevalence of AJD is estimated to be 28% among individuals with SCI. The most prevalent defense style was neurotic and the dominant used defense mechanism was "idealization." The role of demographic and injury-related variables in determining the used defense mechanisms was insignificant.

Indexed as

Emotional AdjustmentAdjustment DisordersAdultFemaleHumansMaleSpinal Cord InjuriesAdjustment disordersDefense mechanismsSpinal cord injury

Identifiers

PMID27077569
PMCPMC5815149
OpenAlexW2301159253

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.