ArticleAmerican journal of public health2016
Diffusion of Pharmacy-Based Influenza Vaccination Over Time in the United States.
Article in American journal of public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Temporal Dynamics of Vaccine Uptake: Perceptual and Social Drivers of Adoption Speed Across Innovation Diffusion Curve.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- A Cross-Sectional Study Examining Vaccine Uptake and Attitudes Among Parents Compared to Other Adults.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Article
- Multidisciplinary perspective on a pharmacist-led vaccination clinic in a regional cancer care setting: A qualitative study.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- Using the diffusion of innovations theory to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among tobacco users.PloS one · 2024Article
- Pharmacist-Administered Influenza Vaccination in Children and Corresponding Regulations.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Addressing vaccine hesitancy and access barriers to achieve persistent progress in Israel's COVID-19 vaccination program.Israel journal of health policy research · 2021Article
- Barriers to vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) control: experience from the United States.Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Review
- The situation of vaccines for the prevention of infections in adults: An opinion paper on the situation in Spain.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2019Article
- Pharmacist insights into adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination provision in the United States.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Article
- Optimizing the impact of low-efficacy influenza vaccines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Mental Illness, Not Obesity Status, is Associated with Food Insecurity Among the Elderly in the Health and Retirement Study.Journal of nutrition in gerontology and geriatricsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo examine pharmacy-based influenza vaccination using diffusion of innovation theory.
methodsWe used 1993 to 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to generate weighted prevalence rates of influenza vaccination, stratified by age (18-64 years vs ≥ 65 years) and state of residence. The diffusion of innovation theory adopter categories were residents of states allowing pharmacist vaccination before 1996 ("innovator/early adopters"), between 1996 and 1998 ("early majority"), between 1999 and 2004 ("late majority"), and in 2007 or later ("laggards").
resultsFor adults aged 18 to 64 years, vaccination rates were similar before the innovation (1993), diverged as the innovation reached the majority (2003), and were significantly lower for laggard states by 2013. Younger adults' vaccination rates steadily increased from 12% to 16% in 1993 to 29% to 36% in 2013. For older adults, there was no significant difference in vaccination rates between adopter categories in any year and no advantage associated with adoption category.
conclusionsKey features of pharmacy-based vaccination, including relative advantage and compatibility, are most relevant to younger adults; different interventions are warranted for older adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.