ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2016
Dietary Cholesterol Increases the Risk whereas PUFAs Reduce the Risk of Active Tuberculosis in Singapore Chinese.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet-induced dyslipidemia enhances IFN-γ production in mycolic acid-specific T cells and affects mycobacterial control.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- The Association between Dyslipidemia and Pulmonary Diseases.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Review
- Repurposing of statins for Buruli Ulcer treatment: antimicrobial activity againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Joint Associations of Multiple Lifestyle Factors With Risk of Active Tuberculosis in the Population: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Dietary pattern characterized by a balanced diet rich in high-quality protein intake is associated with mild initial clinical manifestations in tuberculosis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Host lipidome and tuberculosis treatment failure.The European respiratory journal · 2022Article
- Diabetes-Associated Susceptibility to Tuberculosis: Contribution of Hyperglycemia vs. Dyslipidemia.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Polymorphisms of Fatty Acid Elongase 2 Gene Afftects Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China Han Population.Iranian journal of public health · 2021Article
- Relationship between total cholesterol level and tuberculosis risk in a nationwide longitudinal cohort.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Development of Fatty Acid Reference Ranges and Relationship with Lipid Biomarkers in Middle-Aged Healthy Singaporean Men and Women.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Spreading of a mycobacterial cell-surface lipid into host epithelial membranes promotes infectivity.eLife · 2020Article
- Immunometabolism: new insights and lessons from antigen-directed cellular immune responses.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- An Army Marches on Its Stomach: Metabolic Intermediates as Antimicrobial Mediators inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Article
- Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) supports Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival in macrophages by inducing lysosomal dysfunction.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Asthma, Sinonasal Disease, and the Risk of Active Tuberculosis.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2019Article
- THE AUTHORS REPLY.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Impact of Dietary Cholesterol on the Pathophysiology of Infectious and Autoimmune Disease.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Patients with Concurrent Tuberculosis and Diabetes Have a Pro-Atherogenic Plasma Lipid Profile.EBioMedicine · 2018Article
- Potential Effect of Statins onJournal of immunology research · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExperimental studies suggest that cholesterol enhances the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereas marine ω-3 (n-3) and ω-6 (n-6) fatty acids (FAs) may modulate responses to M. tuberculosis in macrophage and animal models. However, there are no epidemiologic data from prospective studies of the relation between dietary cholesterol and FAs and the risk of developing active tuberculosis.
objectiveWe aimed to investigate the relation between dietary intake of cholesterol and FAs and the risk of active tuberculosis in a prospective cohort in Singapore.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a cohort of 63,257 Chinese men and women aged 45-74 y recruited between 1993 and 1998. Dietary intake of cholesterol and FAs was determined with the use of a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Incident cases of active tuberculosis were identified via linkage with the nationwide tuberculosis registry. Analysis was performed with the use of Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsAs of 31 December 2013, 1136 incident cases of active tuberculosis were identified. Dietary cholesterol was positively associated with an increased risk of active tuberculosis in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the lowest intake quartile, the HR was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.47) for the highest quartile (P-trend = 0.04). Conversely, dietary marine n-3 and n-6 FAs were associated with a reduced risk of active tuberculosis in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the lowest quartile, the HR for the highest intake quartile was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.95) for marine n-3 FAs (P-trend = 0.01) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.98) for n-6 FAs (P-trend = 0.03). There was no association with saturated, monounsaturated, or plant-based n-3 FA intake.
conclusionDietary intake of cholesterol may increase the risk of active tuberculosis, whereas marine n-3 and n-6 FAs may reduce the risk of active tuberculosis in the Chinese population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.