ArticleJournal of immunotoxicology2016
In vitro immunotoxicity assessment of culture-derived extracellular vesicles in human monocytes.
Article in Journal of immunotoxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- The dual promise of extracellular vesicles in lung diseases: towards reliable biomarkers and drug delivery vectors.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Scalable production and purification of engineered ARRDC1-mediated microvesicles in a HEK293 suspension cell system.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of combined cyclosporin and azithromycin treatment on human mononuclear cells under lipopolysaccharide challenge.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Beginning of a new era of synthetic messenger RNA therapeutics: Comprehensive insights on mRNA drug design, development and applications.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Ligand-displaying-exosomes using RNA nanotechnology for targeted delivery of multi-specific drugs for liver cancer regression.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2023Article
- Tetrandrine ameliorates cognitive deficits and mitigates tau aggregation in cell and animal models of tauopathies.Journal of biomedical science · 2022Article
- Characteristics of Extracellular Vesicles and Preclinical Testing Considerations Prior to Clinical Applications.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Nonviral Delivery Systems of mRNA Vaccines for Cancer Gene Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Exosomes in serum‑free cultures of THP‑1 macrophages infected withMolecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- Exosomes for mRNA delivery: a novel biotherapeutic strategy with hurdles and hope.BMC biotechnology · 2021Review
- Functional differences and similarities in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by lipopolysaccharide or phytohemagglutinin stimulation between human and cynomolgus monkeys.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- New Therapeutic Strategies for Osteoarthritis by Targeting Sialic Acid Receptors.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Low active loading of cargo into engineered extracellular vesicles results in inefficient miRNA mimic delivery.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2017Article
- Comprehensive toxicity and immunogenicity studies reveal minimal effects in mice following sustained dosing of extracellular vesicles derived from HEK293T cells.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2017Article
- Telocytes and Their Extracellular Vesicles-Evidence and Hypotheses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The potential to engineer extracellular vesicles (EV) that target specific cells and deliver a therapeutic payload has propelled a growing interest in their development as promising therapeutics. These EV are often produced from cultured cells. Very little is known about the interaction of cell culture-derived EV with cells of the immune system and their potential immunomodulatory effects. The present study evaluated potential immunotoxic effects of HEK293T-derived EV on the human monocytic cell lines THP-1 and U937. Incubation of cells with different doses of EV for 16-24 h was followed by assessment of cytotoxicity and cell function by flow cytometry. Changes in cell functionality were evaluated by the capacity of cells to phagocytize fluorescent microspheres. In addition, the internalization of labeled EV in THP-1 and U937 cells was evaluated. Exposure to EV did not affect the viability of THP-1 or U937 cells. Although lower doses of the EV increased phagocytic capacity in both cell lines, phagocytic efficiency of individual cells was not affected by EV exposure at any of the doses evaluated. This study also demonstrated that THP-1 and U937 monocytic cells are highly permissive to EV entry in a dose-response manner. These results suggest that, although HEK293T-derived EV are efficiently internalized by human monocytic cells, they do not exert a cytotoxic effect or alter phagocytic efficiency on the cell lines evaluated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.