ReviewExperimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)2016
Liquid-based three-dimensional tumor models for cancer research and drug discovery.
Review in Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial pharmacology of anti-cancer immunomodulators: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Laeverin is Cell-Surface Target for Liquid-Phase Metastasizing Cancer Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- β-lapachone impairs viability, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mammary tumor spheroids.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Lipidomics Profiling Reveals Differential Alterations after FAS Inhibition in 3D Colon Cancer Cell Culture Models.Journal of proteome research · 2024Article
- Spheroid Model of Mammary Tumor Cells: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Doxorubicin Response.Biology · 2024Article
- Exploring Importance and Regulation of Autophagy in Cancer Stem Cells and Stem Cell-Based Therapies.Cells · 2024Review
- Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Cancer Stemness-Mediated Drug Resistance.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Review
- Establishment of bladder cancer spheroids and cultured in microfluidic platform for predicting drug response.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Article
- Implicating the cholecystokinin B receptor in liver stem cell oncogenesis.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2024Article
- In Vitro Models of Head and Neck Cancer: From Primitive to Most Advanced.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Cellular Effects of Selected Unsymmetrical Bisacridines on the Multicellular Tumor Spheroids of HCT116 Colon and A549 Lung Cancer Cells in Comparison to Monolayer Cultures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- iRhom2 regulates ERBB signalling to promote KRAS-driven tumour growth of lung cancer cells.Journal of cell science · 2022Article
- IC50: an unsuitable measure for large-sized prostate cancer spheroids in drug sensitivity evaluation.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- Monitoring and modulation of the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer modeling.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Isolation, Maintenance and Expansion of Adult Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells and Leukemic Stem Cells.Cancers · 2022Review
- Microtubular Assessment of C6 Rat Glioma Cell Spheroids Developed in Transparent Liquid Marbles or Hanging Drops.Biology · 2022Article
- 3D hanging spheroid plate for high-throughput CAR T cell cytotoxicity assay.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Dielectrophoretic Traps for Efficient Bead and Cell Trapping and Formation of Aggregates of Controlled Size and Composition.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Review
- New Scenarios in Pharmacological Treatments of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tumors are three-dimensional tissues where close contacts between cancer cells, intercellular interactions between cancer and stromal cells, adhesion of cancer cells to the extracellular matrix, and signaling of soluble factors modulate functions of cancer cells and their response to therapeutics. Three-dimensional cultures of cancer cells overcome limitations of traditionally used monolayer cultures and recreate essential characteristics of tumors such as spatial gradients of oxygen, growth factors, and metabolites and presence of necrotic, hypoxic, quiescent, and proliferative cells. As such, three-dimensional tumor models provide a valuable tool for cancer research and oncology drug discovery. Here, we describe different tumor models and primarily focus on a model known as tumor spheroid. We summarize different technologies of spheroid formation, and discuss the use of spheroids to address the influence of stromal fibroblasts and immune cells on cancer cells in tumor microenvironment, study cancer stem cells, and facilitate compound screening in the drug discovery process. We review major techniques for quantification of cellular responses to drugs and discuss challenges ahead to enable broad utility of tumor spheroids in research laboratories, integrate spheroid models into drug development and discovery pipeline, and use primary tumor cells for drug screening studies to realize personalized cancer treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.