ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2016
Persistent analgesic use and the association with chronic pain and other risk factors in the population-a longitudinal study from the Tromsø Study and the Norwegian Prescription Database.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Sex, gender, and sociodemographic factors associated with repeated prescription refills in chronic pain: insights from a prescription claims cohort study.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Correlates of chronic pain onset and recovery in the CoLaus cohort.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Changes in analgesic prescriptions in Dutch general practice.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2024Article
- Postoperative opioid use in Norway-a population-based observational study on patterns of long-term use.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2024Observational
- Opioid prescriptions among Sami and non-Sami with chronic pain: The SAMINOR 2 Questionnaire Survey and the Norwegian Prescription Database.International journal of circumpolar health · 2023Article
- Patterns of Opioid and Non-Opioid Analgesic Consumption in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Conditions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Identifying cases of chronic pain using health administrative data: A validation study.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2020Article
- Patterns of regional variation of opioid prescribing in primary care in England: a retrospective observational study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2018Observational
- Pain sensitivity and analgesic use among 10,486 adults: the Tromsø study.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2017Article
- The Challenges of Treating Sciatica Pain in Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2016Review
- Analgesic Self-medication Among Patients With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in a South African Chiropractic Teaching Clinic: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of chiropractic medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAnalgesics are commonly used drugs. The long-term effectiveness is mostly unproven, while the risk of several serious adverse effects is well established. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of persistent analgesic use and the association with chronic pain and sociodemographic and comorbid risk factors.
methodsThe Tromsø Study is an epidemiological, prospective study of health and diseases. We linked the sixth wave (Tromsø 6, 2007-08, n = 12,981) with the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD, 2004-13). Persistent analgesic use was defined as the use of analgesics, i.e., either non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids or paracetamol, for ≥90 days with proportion-of-days-covered ≥40 %. The study design provided both cross-sectional and longitudinal data; a cohort of 11,905 persons was followed for 4.5 years.
resultsThe prevalence of persistent analgesic use was 4 % in general and 10 % among those reporting chronic pain. The incidence rate of persistent analgesic use was 21 per 1000 person-years in general. Baseline chronic pain doubled the risk of incident persistent analgesic use (HR = 2.05, 95 % CI 1.80-2.33). The risk increased with increasing chronic pain severity, as measured by chronic pain duration, frequency, intensity, and number of body locations. Sociodemographic risk factors were older age, female sex, lower education, and most likely lower physical activity. Psychological distress was not a statistical significant risk factor.
conclusionsThis study showed a relatively low prevalence of persistent analgesic use and that the majority of persons reporting chronic pain do not use analgesics persistently.
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