ArticleJournal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance2016
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance reference ranges for the heart and aorta in Chinese at 3T.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age-, body surface area-, and sex-specific reference values for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging derived ventricular and atrial size and function for Chinese healthy children.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2025Pooled it
- Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance reference values ("normal values") in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: 2025 update.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2025Guideline
- Variation in left ventricular cardiac magnetic resonance normal reference ranges: systematic review and meta-analysis.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on hypertensive heart disease: the REVERSE-LVH randomized phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Effect of Empagliflozin on Left Ventricular Volumes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, or Prediabetes, and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (SUGAR-DM-HF).Circulation · 2021 · on this mapTrial
- Association of Airflow Obstruction and Left Atrial Conduit Strain in Patients with Known or Suspected Coronary Artery Disease.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2026Article
- Quantitative MRI Values for Atrial and Ventricular Parameters in Altitude-Dwelling Youth.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Clinical, Prognostic, and Biological Features of High-Risk Cardiometabolic Phenotype: The REMODEL Study.MedComm · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of left ventricular phenotypes by cardiac magnetic resonance in elderly and non-elderly patients.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2026Article
- Normal Reference Values for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: An Analytical-Comparative Review with Emphasis on the Brazilian Population.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2026Review
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- Effect of electrical posterior wall isolation on left atrial mechanical function.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2025Article
- Left atrial and ventricular strain and extracellular volume fraction in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2025Article
- Relationship between left ventricular cavity size and transient ischaemic dilation ratio on dipyridamole stress single-photon emission computerized tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in a female Asian population.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2025Article
- Impact of Height Exponents on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of LVH: The REMODEL Study.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- Association of blood pressure and left ventricular mass with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.Open heart · 2025Article
- Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Quantitative Assessment with Phase Contrast Cine MR Imaging of the Coronary Sinus.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Feature Tracking Study of Healthy Chinese Ventricle by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.Cardiovascular engineering and technology · 2024Article
- The transition from hypertension to hypertensive heart disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a retrospective cross-sectional study of myocardial magnetic resonance strain and tissue characteristics.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) reference ranges have not been well established in Chinese. Here we determined normal cardiac and aortic reference ranges in healthy Singaporean Chinese and investigated how these data might affect clinical interpretation of CMR scans.
methodsIn 180 healthy Singaporean Chinese (20 to 69 years old; males, n = 91), comprehensive cardiac assessment was performed using the steady state free precision technique (3T Ingenia, Philips) and images were analysed by two independent observers (CMR42, Circle Cardiovascular Imaging). Measurements were internally validated using standardized approaches: left ventricular mass (LVM) was measured in diastole and systole (with and without papillary muscles) and stroke volumes were compared in both ventricles. All reference ranges were stratified by sex and age; and "indeterminate/borderline" regions were defined statistically at the limits of the normal reference ranges. Results were compared with clinical measurements reported in the same individuals.
resultsLVM was equivalent in both phases (mean difference 3.0 ± 2.5 g; P = 0.22) and stroke volumes were not significantly different in the left and right ventricles (P = 0.91). Compared to females, males had larger left and right ventricular volumes (P < 0.001 for all). Indexed LVM was significantly higher in males compared to females (50 ± 7 versus 38 ± 5 g/m2, respectively; P < 0.001). Overall, papillary muscles accounted for only ~2% of the total LVM. Indexed atrial sizes and aortic root dimensions were similar between males and females (P > 0.05 for all measures). In both sexes, age correlated negatively with left and right ventricular volumes; and positively with aortic sinus and sinotubular junction diameters (P < 0.0001 for all). There was excellent agreement in indexed stroke volumes in the left and right ventricles (0.1±5.7 mL/m2, 0.7±6.2 mL/m2, respectively), LVM (0.6±6.4 g/m2), atrial sizes and aortic root dimensions between values reported in clinical reports and our measured reference ranges.
conclusionsComprehensive sex and age-corrected CMR reference ranges at 3T have been established in Singaporean Chinese. This is an important step for clinical practice and research studies of the heart and aorta in Asia.
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