ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2016
Carnosol and Related Substances Modulate Chemokine and Cytokine Production in Macrophages and Chondrocytes.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic efficacy of botanicals in psychological disorders in menopausal women: a systematic and scoping review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Carnosol exerts anti-inflammatory effects in pulpitis by inhibiting the RAGE/NF-κB signalling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The General Principle of the Warburg Effect as a Possible Approach for Cancer Immunotherapy: The Regulatory Effect of Plant Extracts Could Change the Game.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An Ethnopharmacological Survey on Medicinally Important Plants of Genus Salvia.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Review
- Natural Compounds ofBiomedicines · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Effect of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Cervi Cornu Collagen NP-2007 and Potential for Application in Osteoarthritis Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Mechanisms of Natural Products: Insight from Rosemary Diterpenes, Carnosic Acid and Carnosol.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Cinnamic aldehyde, an anti-inflammatory component in Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang, ameliorates arthritis in II collagenase and monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rat models.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2023Article
- Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Overview of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Polyphenols to Halt Osteoarthritis: From Preclinical Studies to New Clinical Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Protective Effects of Carnosol on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in a Murine Model of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multi-Target Effects of ß-Caryophyllene and Carnosic Acid at the Crossroads of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration: From Oxidative Stress to Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders-Plants and Potential Mechanisms of Action of Their Constituents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Antioxidant-Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of a Polyherbal Formula.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Potential Therapeutic Use of the Rosemary Diterpene Carnosic Acid for Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Long-COVID through NRF2 Activation to Counteract the NLRP3 Inflammasome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Activities and Molecular Mechanisms of Diterpenes, Diterpenoids, and Their Derivatives in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Review
- Carnosol Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation of Cardiomyoblasts by Inhibiting NF-Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Rosmanol and Carnosol Synergistically Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Novel Spray Dried Algae-Rosemary Particles Attenuate Pollution-Induced Skin Damage.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phenolic diterpenes present in Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis have anti-inflammatory and chemoprotective effects. We investigated the in vitro effects of carnosol (CL), carnosic acid (CA), carnosic acid-12-methylether (CAME), 20-deoxocarnosol and abieta-8,11,13-triene-11,12,20-triol (ABTT) in murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and human chondrocytes. The substances concentration-dependently reduced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production in LPS-stimulated macrophages (i.e., acute inflammation). They significantly blunted gene expression levels of iNOS, cytokines/interleukins (IL-1α, IL-6) and chemokines including CCL5/RANTES, CXCL10/IP-10. The substances modulated the expression of catabolic and anabolic genes in chondrosarcoma cell line SW1353 and in primary human chondrocytes that were stimulated by IL-1β (i.e., chronic inflammation In SW1353, catabolic genes like MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 that contribute to cartilage erosion were down-regulated, while expression of anabolic genes including Col2A1 and aggrecan were shifted towards pre-pathophysiological homeostasis. CL had the strongest overall effect on inflammatory mediators, as well as on macrophage and chondrocyte gene expression. Conversely, CAME mainly affected catabolic gene expression, whereas ABTT had a more selectively altered interleukin and chemokine gene exprssion. CL inhibited the IL-1β induced nuclear translocation of NF-κBp65, suggesting that it primarily regulated via the NF-κB signalling pathway. Collectively, CL had the strongest effects on inflammatory mediators and chondrocyte gene expression. The data show that the phenolic diterpenes altered activity pattern of genes that regulate acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Since the substances affected catabolic and anabolic gene expression in cartilage cells in vitro, they may beneficially act on the aetiology of osteoarthritis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.