Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27069781›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2016

Identification of Salmonella for public health surveillance using whole genome sequencing.

Philip M Ashton, Satheesh Nair, Tansy M Peters, Janet A Bale, David G Powell, Anaïs Painset, Rediat Tewolde, Ulf Schaefer, Claire Jenkins, Timothy J Dallman and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
157citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
50.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 261 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. A multi-country outbreak ofEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Investigation of a prolonged nursery outbreak ofEpidemiology and infection · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Mind the gap! TypingMicrobial genomics · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. HeterogeneousJournal of medical microbiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Risk Factors and Prevalence ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Molecular epidemiology ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  18. Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Philip M AshtonGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Satheesh NairGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Tansy M PetersGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Janet A BaleGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
David G PowellGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Anaïs PainsetGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Rediat TewoldeApplied Laboratory and Bio-Informatics Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Ulf SchaeferApplied Laboratory and Bio-Informatics Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Claire JenkinsGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Timothy J DallmanGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Elizabeth M de PinnaGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England , London , United Kingdom.
Kathie A GrantGastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom; Gastrointestinal Infections, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, London, United Kingdom.
Salmonella Whole Genome Sequencing Implementation Group
Public Health England · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In April 2015, Public Health England implemented whole genome sequencing (WGS) as a routine typing tool for public health surveillance of Salmonella, adopting a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach as a replacement for traditional serotyping. The WGS derived sequence type (ST) was compared to the phenotypic serotype for 6,887 isolates of S. enterica subspecies I, and of these, 6,616 (96%) were concordant. Of the 4% (n = 271) of isolates of subspecies I exhibiting a mismatch, 119 were due to a process error in the laboratory, 26 were likely caused by the serotype designation in the MLST database being incorrect and 126 occurred when two different serovars belonged to the same ST. The population structure of S. enterica subspecies II-IV differs markedly from that of subspecies I and, based on current data, defining the serovar from the clonal complex may be less appropriate for the classification of this group. Novel sequence types that were not present in the MLST database were identified in 8.6% of the total number of samples tested (including S. enterica subspecies I-IV and S. bongori) and these 654 isolates belonged to 326 novel STs. For S. enterica subspecies I, WGS MLST derived serotyping is a high throughput, accurate, robust, reliable typing method, well suited to routine public health surveillance. The combined output of ST and serovar supports the maintenance of traditional serovar nomenclature while providing additional insight on the true phylogenetic relationship between isolates.

Indexed as

BioinformaticsMulti-locus sequence typingPublic healthSalmonellaWhole genome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID27069781
PMCPMC4824889
OpenAlexW2321301737

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.