ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Mirroring and beyond: coupled dynamics as a generalized framework for modelling social interactions.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Together we sync: a systematic qualitative and quantitative review of fMRI hyperscanning studies.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- A feature-based network analysis and fMRI meta-analysis reveal three distinct types of prosocial decisions.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Speech Neurophysiology in Realistic Contexts: Big Hype or Big Leap?The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- Listening to a Consonant Chord Progression during Live Face-to-Face Gaze Enhances Neural Activity in Social Systems.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Watching Together, Yet Feeling Apart: Interpersonal Neural Synchronization as a Marker of Symptom Severity in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder During Naturalistic Viewing.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Shaping inter-brain plasticity: A feasibility study of enhancing inter-brain synchrony with dyadic neurofeedback.iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- A fNIRS hyperscanning study on enhancing intimacy through emotional self-disclosure from the discloser-responder perspective.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Self-organization and circular causation as synergetic foundations of social interaction: a multilayer network perspective.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026Article
- How to design real-world functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies: a primer.Neurophotonics · 2026Article
- Integrating neural, physiological, and interoceptive measures in social interaction.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Direct input variables: rethinking the limits of the extended mind hypothesis within predictive processing.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A developmental framework of interpersonal neural synchrony.Developmental review : DR · 2025Article
- Interbrain synchrony and its potential role in modulating the impact of traumatic events.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Deciding When to Align: Computational and Neural Mechanisms of Goal-Directed Social Alignment.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Interbrain Synchrony Mitigates Extremism Within Echo Chambers.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- Conversational content is organized across multiple timescales in the brain.Nature human behaviour · 2025Article
- Bidirectional information flow in cooperative learning reflects emergent leadership.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Love in the time of Zoom: how intimacy modulates brain and behaviour synchrony in face-to-face versus video communication.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Article
- Trajectories of interbrain synchrony during teamwork: links with team composition and performance.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Article
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
When people observe one another, behavioural alignment can be detected at many levels, from the physical to the mental. Likewise, when people process the same highly complex stimulus sequences, such as films and stories, alignment is detected in the elicited brain activity. In early sensory areas, shared neural patterns are coupled to the low-level properties of the stimulus (shape, motion, volume, etc.), while in high-order brain areas, shared neural patterns are coupled to high-levels aspects of the stimulus, such as meaning. Successful social interactions require such alignments (both behavioural and neural), as communication cannot occur without shared understanding. However, we need to go beyond simple, symmetric (mirror) alignment once we start interacting. Interactions are dynamic processes, which involve continuous mutual adaptation, development of complementary behaviour and division of labour such as leader-follower roles. Here, we argue that interacting individuals are dynamically coupled rather than simply aligned. This broader framework for understanding interactions can encompass both processes by which behaviour and brain activity mirror each other (neural alignment), and situations in which behaviour and brain activity in one participant are coupled (but not mirrored) to the dynamics in the other participant. To apply these more sophisticated accounts of social interactions to the study of the underlying neural processes we need to develop new experimental paradigms and novel methods of data analysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.