ArticleInfection and immunity2016
Macrophage Apoptosis Triggered by IpaD from Shigella flexneri.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Macrophages orchestrate elimination of Shigella from the intestinal epithelial cell niche via TLR-induced IL-12 and IFN-γ.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Cell Death and Infection: Implications for Host and Microbe.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Bacteria-organelle communication in physiology and disease.The Journal of cell biology · 2024Review
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Bacterial Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Role of UPRFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- A parasitoid wasp of Drosophila employs preemptive and reactive strategies to deplete its host's blood cells.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- From pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis to PANoptosis: A mechanistic compendium of programmed cell death pathways.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- Staying out or Going in? The Interplay between Type 3 and Type 5 Secretion Systems in Adhesion and Invasion of Enterobacterial Pathogens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Review
- Vaccination With Mouse Dendritic Cells Loaded With an IpaD-IpaB Fusion Provides Protection Against Shigellosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Recent insights into Shigella.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2018Review
- Novel Organelles with Elements of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Secretion Systems Weaponize Parasites of Drosophila.Current biology : CB · 2017Article
- Analysis of Shigella flexneri Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Transcriptional Profile in Response to Bile Salts.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- How Do the Virulence Factors ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Shigellosis, a potentially severe bacillary dysentery, is an infectious gastrointestinal disease caused by Shigella spp. Shigella invades the human colonic epithelium and avoids clearance by promoting apoptosis of resident immune cells in the gut. This process is dependent on the Shigella type III secretion system (T3SS), which injects effector proteins into target cells to alter their normal cellular functions. Invasion plasmid antigen D (IpaD) is a structural component that forms a complex at the tip of the T3SS apparatus needle. Recently, IpaD has also been shown to indirectly induce apoptosis in B lymphocytes. In this study, we explored the cytotoxicity profile during macrophage infection by Shigella and discovered that the pathogen induces macrophage cell death independent of caspase-1. Our results demonstrate that IpaD triggers apoptosis in macrophages through activation of host caspases accompanied by mitochondrial disruption. Additionally, we found that the IpaD N-terminal domain is necessary for macrophage killing and SipD, a structural homologue from Salmonella, was found to promote similar cytotoxicity. Together, these findings indicate that IpaD is a contributing factor to macrophage cell death during Shigella infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.