ArticleBMJ open2016
Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time: cross-sectional and prospective associations with adiposity in the Millennium Cohort Study.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Link Between Physical Inactivity and Indicators of Childhood Overweight/Obesity and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Risk in Western Countries.Current obesity reports · 2026Pooled it
- Association Between Physical Activity and Indicators of Overweight/Obesity and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Risk in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Prospective Epidemiological Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials in Western Countries.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Variations in accelerometry measured physical activity and sedentary time across Europe - harmonized analyses of 47,497 children and adolescents.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2020Pooled it
- School-Based Intervention Programs for Preventing Obesity and Promoting Physical Activity and Fitness: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Longitudinal changes in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Children's physical activity level and sedentary behaviour in Norwegian early childhood education and care: effects of a staff-led cluster-randomised controlled trial.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- Body Composition Changes and Their Associations with Physical Activity and Screen Time in a Sample of Italian Early Adolescents over a 3-Year Period.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations of behavioral, motivational, and socioeconomic factors with BMI among children and adolescents.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Pre-pubertal accelerometer-assessed physical activity and timing of puberty in British boys and girls: the Millennium Cohort Study.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- The Joint Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors on Adiposity during Adolescence: The 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A collaborative approach to adopting/adapting guidelines. The Australian 24-hour movement guidelines for children (5-12 years) and young people (13-17 years): An integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Article
- Inequalities in body mass index, diet and physical activity in the UK: Longitudinal evidence across childhood and adolescence.SSM - population health · 2021Article
- Associations of active travel with adiposity among children and socioeconomic differentials: a longitudinal study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Article
- Ethnic differences in sedentary behaviour in 6-8-year-old children during school terms and school holidays: a mixed methods study.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Sitting Patterns, Physical Activity, and Health Outcomes in Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Longitudinal analysis of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and anthropometric measures from ages 6 to 11 years.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2018Article
- Relative proportion of vigorous physical activity, total volume of moderate to vigorous activity, and body mass index in youth: the Millennium Cohort Study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
- Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Fatness in a Biethnic Sample of Young Children.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2017Article
- Parents' Social Status and Children's Daily Physical Activity: The Role of Familial Socialization and Support.Journal of child and family studies · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in primary school-aged children are associated with adiposity at the start of secondary school, and whether these associations differ by sex or ethnic group.
designNationally representative prospective cohort study.
settingChildren born across the UK, between 2000 and 2002.
participants6497 singleton children. OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures of adiposity (body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI))--obtained at 7 and 11 years. EXPLANATORY MEASURES: Total daily PA (mean counts per minute (cpm)); minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA); and ST. All assessed at 7 years using accelerometers.
resultsIn cross-sectional analyses, total PA was inversely associated with FMI (3.7% (95% CI 2.7% to 4.7%) reduction per 150 cpm increase), as was MVPA (4.2% (CI 3.2% to 5.2%) reduction per 20 min/day increase). Associations were stronger in black and South Asian ethnic groups. Total PA and MVPA were not associated with FFMI. ST was positively associated with FMI (1.3% (CI 0.2% to 2.3%) increase per 50 min/day increase) and inversely associated with FFMI (0.5% (CI 0.2% to 0.7%) reduction per 50 min/day increase). Longitudinally, MVPA at age 7 years remained inversely associated with FMI at age 11 years (1.5% (CI 0.4% to 2.6%) reduction per 20 min/day increase). No association was found between total PA and ST and any of the later adiposity measures.
conclusions7-year-old children who are more physically active are less likely to be obese at that age and at age 11 years. These associations were particularly evident in children from black or South Asian ethnicity at age 7 years and in boys at age 11 years. Measurements of fat mass provide valuable insights into ethnic differences in associations between adiposity and activity.
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