ReviewFrontiers in oncology2016
Prognostic Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carbonic anhydrase IX-related tumoral hypoxia predicts worse prognosis in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review verified by bioinformatic analysis based on TCGA reveals week prognosis power of CAIX in renal cancer.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Expression patterns of carbonic anhydrase IX and immune response biomarkers in pediatric gliomas and glioneuronal tumors.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- CA9+ cancer-associated fibroblasts cooperate with SPP1+ tumor-associated macrophages driving immune resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX-mediated ferroptosis by atractylenolide I alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Low GATA3 predicts worse survival in penile cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transforming cancer immunotherapy: integration of distinct immune-based approaches as redefined dual immunotherapy with potential third-sensitizer.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Di-Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Tumor Hypoxia and CD8Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Development of 4T1 breast cancer mouse model system for preclinical carbonic anhydrase IX studies.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
- Review
- IL-22 regulates MASTL expression in intestinal epithelial cells.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2024Article
- Preclinical Evaluation of virus-like particle Vaccine Against Carbonic Anhydrase IX Efficacy in a Mouse Breast Cancer Model System.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Article
- Engineering Tumor Stroma Morphogenesis Using Dynamic Cell-Matrix Spheroid Assembly.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Affinity fine-tuning anti-CAIX CAR-T cells mitigate on-target off-tumor side effects.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- The co-delivery of adenovirus-based immune checkpoint vaccine elicits a potent anti-tumor effect in renal carcinoma.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Immunohistochemistry and oxygen saturation endoscopic imaging reveal hypoxia in submucosal invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor S4 triggers release of DAMPs related to immunogenic cell death in glioma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Article
- Carbonic anhydrases reduce the acidity of the tumor microenvironment, promote immune infiltration, decelerate tumor growth, and improve survival in ErbB2/HER2-enriched breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hypoxia is a characteristic of many solid tumors and an adverse prognostic factor for treatment outcome. Hypoxia increases the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an enzyme that is predominantly found on tumor cells and is involved in maintaining the cellular pH balance. Many clinical studies investigated the prognostic value of CAIX expression, but most have been inconclusive, partly due to small numbers of patients included. The present meta-analysis was therefore performed utilizing the results of all clinical studies to determine the prognostic value of CAIX expression in solid tumors. Renal cell carcinoma was excluded from this meta-analysis due to an alternative mechanism of upregulation. 958 papers were identified from a literature search performed in PubMed and Embase. These papers were independently evaluated by two reviewers and 147 studies were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis revealed strong significant associations between CAIX expression and all endpoints: overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.76, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.58-1.98], disease-free survival (HR = 1.87, 95%CI 1.62-2.16), locoregional control (HR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.22-1.93), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.41-2.25), metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.33-2.50), and progression-free survival (HR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.27-1.96). Subgroup analyses revealed similar associations in the majority of tumor sites and types. In conclusion, these results show that patients having tumors with high CAIX expression have higher risk of locoregional failure, disease progression, and higher risk to develop metastases, independent of tumor type or site. The results of this meta-analysis further support the development of a clinical test to determine patient prognosis based on CAIX expression and may have important implications for the development of new treatment strategies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.