ArticleEcology and evolution2016
Independent origins of resistance or susceptibility of parasitic wasps to a defensive symbiont.
Article in Ecology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phage toxin variants are linked to protection specificity in a defensive symbiont.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Article
- Diverse toxin repertoire but limited metabolic capacities inferred from the draft genome assemblies of threeMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Defensive Symbiont Genotype Distributions Are Linked to Parasitoid Attack Networks.Ecology letters · 2025Article
- Evolution of specialized toxin arsenals in a bacterial symbiont of arthropods.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- The Susceptibility ofInsects · 2023Article
- Effect of Ultraviolet-B RadiatingInsects · 2023Article
- Functional genomics of a Spiroplasma associated with the carmine cochineals Dactylopius coccus and Dactylopius opuntiae.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Article
- Multiple phenotypes conferred by a single insect symbiont are independent.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Effect of heritable symbionts on maternally-derived embryo transcripts.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Cophylogenetic analysis suggests cospeciation between the Scorpion Mycoplasma Clade symbionts and their hosts.PloS one · 2019Article
- Extended genomes: symbiosis and evolution.Interface focus · 2017Review
- Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: Ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Experimental Evolution as an Underutilized Tool for Studying Beneficial Animal-Microbe Interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insect microbe associations are diverse, widespread, and influential. Among the fitness effects of microbes on their hosts, defense against natural enemies is increasingly recognized as ubiquitous, particularly among those associations involving heritable, yet facultative, bacteria. Protective mutualisms generate complex ecological and coevolutionary dynamics that are only beginning to be elucidated. These depend in part on the degree to which symbiont-mediated protection exhibits specificity to one or more members of the natural enemy community. Recent findings in a well-studied defensive mutualism system (i.e., aphids, bacteria, parasitoid wasps) reveal repeated instances of evolution of susceptibility or resistance to defensive bacteria by parasitoids. This study searched for similar patterns in an emerging model system for defensive mutualisms: the interaction of Drosophila, bacteria in the genus Spiroplasma, and wasps that parasitize larval stages of Drosophila. Previous work indicated that three divergent species of parasitic wasps are strongly inhibited by the presence of Spiroplasma in three divergent species of Drosophila, including D. melanogaster. The results of this study uncovered two additional wasp species that are susceptible to Spiroplasma and two that are unaffected by Spiroplasma, implying at least two instances of loss or gain of susceptibility to Spiroplasma among larval parasitoids of Drosophila.
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