ReviewAnnals of gastroenterology
Clostridium difficile infection: a review of current and emerging therapies.
Review in Annals of gastroenterology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: An official clinical practice guideline of the Spanish Society of Chemotherapy (SEQ), Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the working group of Postoperative Infection of the Spanish Society of Anesthesia and Reanimation (SEDAR).Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2020Guideline
- The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Clostridium species in Iran: a meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2019Pooled it
- A Systematic Literature Review of Economic Evaluations of Antibiotic Treatments for Clostridium difficile Infection.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Pooled it
- Article
- Comprehensive Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of theThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Article
- A Critical Review on the Potential of Inactivated Bacteria in Counteracting Human Pathogens.Current microbiology · 2025Review
- Enhanced immunogenicity of a Clostridioides difficile TcdB vaccine adjuvanted with a synthetic dual-TLR ligand adjuvant.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Evaluating the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-toxigenic effects of postbiotics from lactic acid bacteria onIranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Current and Ongoing Developments in TargetingMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Clostridioides difficile Biofilm.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Children: Recent Updates on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapy.Pediatrics · 2023Review
- Biofilm Formation ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Examining the Extent of Contamination, Antibiotic Resistance, and Genetic Diversity ofBioMed research international · 2023Article
- Rate and predictors of 30-day readmission forAnnals of medicine · 2022Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Frequency of Antibiotic-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Efficacy of Bezlotoxumab in the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridium difficile: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2022Review
- Global research onWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is the most common cause of -healthcare-associated infections in US hospitals. The epidemic strain NAP1/BI/ribotype 027 accounts for outbreaks worldwide, with increasing mortality and severity. CDI is acquired from an endogenous source or from spores in the environment, most easily acquired during the hospital stay. The use of antimicrobials disrupts the intestinal microflora enabling C. difficile to proliferate in the colon and produce toxins. Clinical diagnosis in symptomatic patients requires toxin detection from stool specimens and rarely in combination with stool culture to increase sensitivity. However, stool culture is essential for epidemiological studies. Oral metronidazole is the recommended therapy for milder cases of CDI and oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin for more severe cases. Treatment of first recurrence involves the use of the same therapy used in the initial CDI. In the event of a second recurrence oral vancomycin often given in a tapered dose or intermittently, or fidaxomicin may be used. Fecal transplantation is playing an immense role in therapy of recurrent CDI with remarkable results. Fulminant colitis and toxic megacolon warrant surgical intervention. Novel approaches including new antibiotics and immunotherapy against CDI or its toxins appear to be of potential value.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.