Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27065317›Full record

ArticleCancer2016

Effects of marital status and economic resources on survival after cancer: A population-based study.

Scarlett Lin Gomez, Susan Hurley, Alison J Canchola, Theresa H M Keegan, Iona Cheng, James D Murphy, Christina A Clarke, Sally L Glaser, María Elena Martínez

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
16.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Lung Cancer and Self-Management Interventions: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
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  10. Disparities in Cancer Stage Shifts Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic in California, 2020 to 2021.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025
    Article
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  14. [Construction and Validation of Prediction Models of Risk Factors for Early Death in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2024
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  15. Thyroid Cancer Survival in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Scarlett Lin GomezCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Susan HurleyCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Alison J CancholaCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Theresa H M KeeganDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California.
Iona ChengCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
James D MurphyMoores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Christina A ClarkeCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Sally L GlaserCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
María Elena MartínezDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California.
Cancer Prevention Institute of California · USStanford Cancer InstituteZero to Three · USMoores Cancer CenterUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of California Davis Medical Center · US

Funding

VIRAL MALIGNANCYP30CA023100 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Jesse Nodora · 1985 to 2026
$124.9M
CALIFORNIA COORDINATED CANCER PREVENTION & CONTROL PROGRAMU58DP003862 · DP · CALIFORNIA STATE DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI SNIPES, KURT P · 2012 to 2014
$31.5M
Research Education CoreU54CA132384 · NCI · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI CRIPPS, RICHARD MATTHEW, CROWE, SHEILA E. · 2008 to 2022
$20.7M
Research Education CoreU54CA132379 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ARREDONDO, ELVA M, CROWE, SHEILA E. · 2008 to 2021
$16.1M
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U58 DP003862NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000034CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000140CNCI NIH HHS P30 CA023100NCI NIH HHS U54 CA132379NCI NIH HHS U54 CA132384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough married cancer patients have more favorable survival than unmarried patients, reasons underlying this association are not fully understood. The authors evaluated the role of economic resources, including health insurance status and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), in a large California cohort.

methodsFrom the California Cancer Registry, we identified 783,167 cancer patients (386,607 deaths) who were diagnosed during 2000 through 2009 with a first primary, invasive cancer of the 10 most common sites of cancer-related death for each sex and were followed through 2012. Age-stratified and stage-stratified Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality associated with marital status, adjusted for cancer site, race/ethnicity, and treatment.

resultsCompared with married patients, unmarried patients had an elevated risk of mortality that was higher among males (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.26-1.29) than among females (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.18-1.20; Pinteraction < .001). Adjustment for insurance status and nSES reduced the marital status HRs to 1.22 for males and 1.15 for females. There was some evidence of synergistic effects of marital status, insurance, and nSES, with relatively higher risks observed for unmarried status among those who were under-insured and living in high nSES areas compared with those who were under-insured and living in low nSES areas (Pinteraction = 6.8 × 10(-9) among males and 8.2 × 10(-8) among females).

conclusionsThe worse survival of unmarried than married cancer patients appears to be minimally explained by differences in economic resources. Cancer 2016;122:1618-25. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCaliforniaCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMarital StatusMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProportional Hazards ModelsRegistriesSocioeconomic FactorsYoung Adulthealth insurancemarriagemortalityneighborhood socioeconomic statusrace/ethnicity

Identifiers

PMID27065317
PMCPMC5558592
OpenAlexW2340341294

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.