ArticlePloS one2016
Anticancer Effects of 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthraquinone and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd against HepG2 Carcinoma Cells Mediated via Apoptosis.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune and Tumor Microenvironment Mechanisms ofCancers · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Review ofDrug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Scutellaria barbata D.Don and Hedyotis diffusa Willd herb pair combined with cisplatin synergistically inhibits ovarian cancer progression through modulating oxidative stress via NRF2-FTH1 autophagic degradation pathway.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Article
- Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and medical uses of Oldenlandia (family Rubaceae): a review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. Inhibits Gastric Cancer by Activation of Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Apoptosis.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2023Article
- Mechanism exploration and prognosis study of Astragali Radix-Spreading hedyotis herb for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma based on bioinformatics approaches and molecular dynamics simulation.Frontiers in chemistry · 2023Article
- The association between mortality and use of Chinese herbal medicine among incident stage IV esophageal cancer patients: A retrospective cohort study with core herbs exploration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Anti-Colorectal Cancer Effect ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- The Analyses of Chemical Components FromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Anti-Alzheimer Active Components from the Aerial Parts ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Ethyl Acetate Fraction fromEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Effects of purifiedOncology letters · 2018Article
- Ethyl Acetate Fraction fromEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- A Network Pharmacology Approach to Uncover the Multiple Mechanisms ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- Synergistic inhibition of leukemia WEHI-3 cell growth by arsenic trioxide andExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
- Crude extract and solvent fractions of Calystegia soldanella induce G1 and S phase arrest of the cell cycle in HepG2 cells.International journal of oncology · 2017Article
- Chinese Medicine Treatment for Afatinib-Induced Paronychia.Case reports in oncological medicine · 2017Article
- The Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Rubiaceae): A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Quality Control and Pharmacokinetics.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- A Traditional Chinese Medicine Herb Mixture Qingjie Fuzheng Granules Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Growth by Inducing Apoptosis.Journal of evidence-based integrative medicineArticle
- Adjunctive Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment is Associated With an Improved Survival Rate in Patients With Cervical Cancer in Taiwan: A Matched Cohort Study.Integrative cancer therapiesArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hedyotis Diffusa Willd, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, is a treatment for various diseases including cancer, owing to its mild effectiveness and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to identify the main anticancer components in Hedyotis Diffusa Willd, and explore mechanisms underlying their activity. Hedyotis Diffusa Willd was extracted and fractionated using ethyl acetate to obtain the H-Ethyl acetate fraction, which showed higher anticancer activity than the other fractions obtained against HepG2 cells with sulforhodamine B assays. The active component of the H-Ethyl acetate fraction was identified to be 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone (DMQ) with much high inhibitory rate up to 48.9 ± 3.3% and selectivity rate up to 9.4 ± 4.5 folds (p<0.01) at 125 μmol/L. HepG2 cells treated with the fraction and DMQ visualized morphologically using light and fluorescence microscopy. Annexin V--fluorescein isothiocyanate / propidium iodide staining flow cytometry, DNA ladder and cell cycle distribution assays. Mechanistic studies showed up-regulation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 proteases activities (p<0.001), indicating involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic and death receptor pathways. Further studies revealed that reactive oxygen species in DMQ and the fraction treated HepG2 cells increased (p<0.01) while mitochondrial membrane potential reduced significantly (p<0.001) compared to the control by flow cytometry assays. Western blot analysis showed that Bax, p53, Fas, FasL, p21 and cytoplasmic cytochrome C were up-regulated (p<0.01), while Bcl-2, mitochondrial cytochrome C, cyclin E and CDK 2 were down-regulated dose-dependently (p<0.01). The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed that mRNA expressions of p53 and Bax increased (p<0.001) while that of Bcl-2 decreased (p<0.001). Pre-treatment with caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD-FMK, or caspase-9 inhibitor Z-LEHD-FMK, attenuated the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of DMQ and the fraction on HepG2 cells. These results suggested that DMQ and the H-Ethyl acetate fraction of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd showed potential anticancer effects. Furthermore, the mechanisms of action may involve mitochondrial apoptotic and death receptor pathways.
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