Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27064405›Full record

ArticlePloS one2016

Characterization of the Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in the Healthy Mucosal Immune System.

Lauren E Hudson, Courtney D McDermott, Taryn P Stewart, William H Hudson, Daniel Rios, Milo B Fasken, Anita H Corbett, Tracey J Lamb

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
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  6. Review
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  8. Genomic and phenotypic comparison ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Development of a Dihydrofolate Reductase Selection System forInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Investigating the Efficacy ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Yeast oral vaccines against infectious diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lauren E HudsonDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Courtney D McDermottDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Taryn P StewartDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
William H HudsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Daniel RiosDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Milo B FaskenDepartment of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Anita H CorbettDepartment of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Tracey J LambDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Emory University · US

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM008169 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GROSS, ROBERT E · 1987 to 2021
$20.3M
The development of probiotic yeast as an inexpensive vaccine delivery platformDP2AI112242 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI LAMB, TRACEY JANE · 2013 to 2013
$2.3M
NIAID NIH HHS DP2 AI112242NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008169
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii has been shown to ameliorate disease severity in the context of many infectious and inflammatory conditions. However, use of S. boulardii as a prophylactic agent or therapeutic delivery vector would require delivery of S. boulardii to a healthy, uninflamed intestine. In contrast to inflamed mucosal tissue, the diverse microbiota, intact epithelial barrier, and fewer inflammatory immune cells within the healthy intestine may all limit the degree to which S. boulardii contacts and influences the host mucosal immune system. Understanding the nature of these interactions is crucial for application of S. boulardii as a prophylactic agent or therapeutic delivery vehicle. In this study, we explore both intrinsic and immunomodulatory properties of S. boulardii in the healthy mucosal immune system. Genomic sequencing and morphological analysis of S. boulardii reveals changes in cell wall components compared to non-probiotic S. cerevisiae that may partially account for probiotic functions of S. boulardii. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry demonstrate limited S. boulardii association with murine Peyer's patches. We also show that although S. boulardii induces a systemic humoral immune response, this response is small in magnitude and not directed against S. boulardii itself. RNA-seq of the draining mesenteric lymph nodes indicates that even repeated administration of S. boulardii induces few transcriptional changes in the healthy intestine. Together these data strongly suggest that interaction between S. boulardii and the mucosal immune system in the healthy intestine is limited, with important implications for future work examining S. boulardii as a prophylactic agent and therapeutic delivery vehicle.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsFemaleFlow CytometryHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingImmune SystemImmunoenzyme TechniquesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicrobiotaMolecular Sequence DataMucous MembraneProbioticsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID27064405
PMCPMC4827847
OpenAlexW2316949560

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.