Observational studyPediatric research2016
Early cranial ultrasound findings among infants with neonatal encephalopathy in Uganda: an observational study.
Observational study in Pediatric research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neonatal intracranial pathologies on ultrasound imaging in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2025Pooled it
- Postnatal Azithromycin Is Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory in a Piglet Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.Stroke · 2026Article
- Elevated serum IL-10 is associated with severity of neonatal encephalopathy and adverse early childhood outcomes.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Surgical applications of ultrasound use in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Australasian journal of ultrasound in medicine · 2022Article
- Value of cranial ultrasound at initiation of therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal encephalopathy.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2022Article
- Protocol for the Birth Asphyxia in African Newborns (Baby BRAiN) Study: a Neonatal Encephalopathy Feasibility Cohort Study.Gates open research · 2022Article
- Analysis of cranial ultrasound images for newborn.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Melatonin for Neonatal Encephalopathy: From Bench to Bedside.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Surviving and Thriving: Early Intervention for Neonatal Survivors With Developmental Disability in Uganda.Infants and young children · 2021Article
- The development and validation of a cerebral ultrasound scoring system for infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.Pediatric research · 2020Article
- Involvement of CXCL1/CXCR2 During Microglia Activation Following Inflammation-Sensitized Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Ultrasound Predicts White Matter Integrity after Hypothermia Therapy in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging · 2019Article
- Clinical efficacy of gangliosides on premature infants suffering from white matter damage and its effect on the levels of IL-6, NSE and S100β.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Article
- Early Pro-inflammatory Microglia Activation After Inflammation-Sensitized Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Early Childhood Outcomes After Neonatal Encephalopathy in Uganda: A Cohort Study.EClinicalMedicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn sub-Saharan Africa, the timing and nature of brain injury and their relation to mortality in neonatal encephalopathy (NE) are unknown. We evaluated cranial ultrasound (cUS) scans from term Ugandan infants with and without NE for evidence of brain injury.
methodsInfants were recruited from a national referral hospital in Kampala. Cases (184) had NE and controls (100) were systematically selected unaffected term infants. All had cUS scans <36 h reported blind to NE status.
resultsScans were performed at median age 11.5 (interquartile range (IQR): 5.2-20.2) and 8.4 (IQR: 3.6-13.5) hours, in cases and controls respectively. None had established antepartum injury. Major evolving injury was reported in 21.2% of the cases vs. 1.0% controls (P < 0.001). White matter injury was not significantly associated with bacteremia in encephalopathic infants (odds ratios (OR): 3.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-9.60). Major cUS abnormality significantly increased the risk of neonatal death (case fatality 53.9% with brain injury vs. 25.9% without; OR: 3.34 (95% CI: 1.61-6.95)).
conclusionIn this low-resource setting, there was no evidence of established antepartum insult, but a high proportion of encephalopathic infants had evidence of major recent and evolving brain injury on early cUS imaging, suggesting prolonged or severe acute exposure to hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Early abnormalities were a significant predictor of death.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.