ArticleJournal of lipid research2016
Ursolic acid enhances macrophage autophagy and attenuates atherogenesis.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploiting autophagy-targeting natural compounds for potential antimicrobial actions.Autophagy · 2026Review
- From Storage to Signaling: Lipid Droplet Lipolysis in Cholesterol Mobilization and Foam Cell Remodeling.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- A bibliometric analysis of autophagy research in atherosclerosis over the past decade.Medicine · 2026Review
- Apigenin attenuates the atherosclerotic lesions through enhancing selective autophagy/lipophagy and promoting RCT process.Pharmaceutical biology · 2025Article
- Progress of ursolic acid on the regulation of macrophage: summary and prospect.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The potential mechanism of ursolic acid in the treatment of bladder cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Article
- Comprehensive view of macrophage autophagy and its application in cardiovascular diseases.Cell proliferation · 2024Review
- Article
- Ursolic Acid Alleviates Cancer Cachexia and Prevents Muscle Wasting via Activating SIRT1.Cancers · 2023Article
- Ursolic acid enhances autophagic clearance and ameliorates motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease mice model.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Article
- AMPK-Regulated Autophagy Contributes to Ursolic Acid Supplementation-Alleviated Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Injury in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Mice.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Trained immunity in monocyte/macrophage: Novel mechanism of phytochemicals in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Tuning macrophages for atherosclerosis treatment.Regenerative biomaterials · 2023Review
- K-80003 Inhibition of Macrophage Apoptosis and Necrotic Core Development in Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaques.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2022Article
- A novel therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis: autophagy-dependent cholesterol efflux.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2022Review
- Induction of Autophagy by Ursolic Acid Promotes the Elimination ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Beneficial Effects of Ursolic Acid and Its Derivatives-Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Conditions.Nutrients · 2021Review
- The Function, Regulation and Mechanism of Programmed Cell Death of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Genetic Variants and Functional Analyses of theFrontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Impaired lipophagy in endothelial cells with prolonged exposure to oxidized low‑density lipoprotein.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophage autophagy has been shown to be protective against atherosclerosis. We previously discovered that ursolic acid (UA) promoted cancer cell autophagy. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether UA enhances macrophage autophagy in the context of atherogenesis. Cell culture study showed that UA enhanced autophagy of macrophages by increasing the expression of Atg5 and Atg16l1, which led to altered macrophage function. UA reduced pro-interleukin (IL)-1β protein levels and mature IL-1β secretion in macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), without reducing IL-1β mRNA expression. Confocal microscopy showed that in LPS-treated macrophages, UA increased LC3 protein levels and LC3 appeared to colocalize with IL-1β. In cholesterol-loaded macrophages, UA increased cholesterol efflux to apoAI, although it did not alter mRNA or protein levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1. Electron microscopy showed that UA induced lipophagy in acetylated LDL-loaded macrophages, which may result in increased cholesterol ester hydrolysis in autophagolysosomes and presentation of free cholesterol to the cell membrane. In LDLR(-/-) mice fed a Western diet to induce atherogenesis, UA treatment significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, accompanied by increased macrophage autophagy. In conclusion, the data suggest that UA promotes macrophage autophagy and, thereby, suppresses IL-1β secretion, promotes cholesterol efflux, and attenuates atherosclerosis in mice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.