ReviewEuropean journal of public health2016
Influenza in workplaces: transmission, workers' adherence to sick leave advice and European sick leave recommendations.
Review in European journal of public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of workplace social distancing measures in reducing influenza transmission: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Why population heterogeneity matters for modelling infectious diseases.Interface focus · 2025Article
- Workplace Vaccination Against COVID-19 and Seasonal Influenza in the United States: A Modeling-Based Estimation of the Health and Economic Benefits for Employers and Employees.Journal of market access & health policy · 2025Article
- Investigation of Influenza Cases and Risk Factors Associated with Fatality in Türkiye.Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2025Article
- Absenteeism and Productivity Loss Due to Influenza or Influenza-like Illness in Adults in Europe and North America.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Functional disabilities and adverse well-being by COVID-19 and Long COVID history and employment status: 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.American journal of industrial medicine · 2024Article
- TRACE-Omicron: Policy Counterfactuals to Inform Mitigation of COVID-19 Spread in the United States.Advanced theory and simulations · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Risk by Workers' Occupation and Industry in the United States, 2020‒2021.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Influenza-Like Symptom Incidence, Illness-Associated Expenses, and Economic Impact Among Healthcare Personnel in Thailand: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study (2020-2021).Annals of work exposures and health · 2023Observational
- Multiple Concurrent Causal Relationships and Multiple Governance Pathways for Non-Pharmaceutical Intervention Policies in Pandemics: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 102 Countries and Regions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Assessing Differences in Attitudes toward Occupational Safety and Health Measures for Infection Control between Office and Assembly Line Employees during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Baseline Data from a Repeated Employee Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A Cluster of Health Symptoms After a Law Enforcement Operation: A Case Study.Safety and health at work · 2022Article
- Characteristics of COVID-19 infection clusters occurring among workers in several Asia-Pacific countries.Industrial health · 2022Article
- Nationally representative social contact patterns among U.S. adults, August 2020-April 2021.Epidemics · 2022Article
- Nationally Representative Social Contact Patterns among U.S. adults, August 2020-April 2021.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
- Occupation and COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisation and ICU admission among foreign-born and Swedish-born employees: a register-based study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2022Article
- Social contact patterns among employees in 3 U.S. companies during early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, April to June 2020.Epidemics · 2021Article
- Model for Mitigation of Workplace Transmission of COVID-19 Through Population-Based Testing and Surveillance.Population health management · 2021Review
- Analysis of COVID-19 Cases' Spatial Dependence in US Counties Reveals Health Inequalities.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Social approaches to COVID-19 pandemic response: effectiveness and practicality in sub-Saharan Africa.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundKnowledge about influenza transmission in the workplace and whether staying home from work when experiencing influenza-like illness can reduce the spread of influenza is crucial for the design of efficient public health initiatives.
aimThis review synthesizes current literature on sickness presenteeism and influenza transmission in the workplace and provides an overview of sick leave recommendations in Europe for influenza.
methodsA search was performed on Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus and SweMed to identify studies related to workplace contacts, -transmission, -interventions and compliance with recommendations to take sick leave. A web-based survey on national recommendations and policies for sick leave during influenza was issued to 31 European countries.
resultsTwenty-two articles (9 surveys; 13 modelling articles) were eligible for this review. Results from social mixing studies suggest that 20-25% of weekly contacts are made in the workplace, while modelling studies suggest that on average 16% (range 9-33%) of influenza transmission occurs in the workplace. The effectiveness of interventions to reduce workplace presenteeism is largely unknown. Finally, estimates from studies reporting expected compliance with sick leave recommendations ranged from 71 to 95%. Overall, 18 countries participated in the survey of which nine (50%) had issued recommendations encouraging sick employees to stay at home during the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic, while only one country had official recommendations for seasonal influenza.
conclusionsDuring the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic, many European countries recommended ill employees to take sick leave. Further research is warranted to quantify the effect of reduced presenteeism during influenza illness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.