ArticleNucleic acids research2016
Physiological TLR5 expression in the intestine is regulated by differential DNA binding of Sp1/Sp3 through simultaneous Sp1 dephosphorylation and Sp3 phosphorylation by two different PKC isoforms.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of gut microbial short-chain fatty acids on colorectal cancer development and prevention.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Unveiling the synergistic potency of chlorhexidine and azithromycin in combined action.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Disrupted Microbiota of Colon Results in Worse Immunity and Metabolism in Low-Birth-Weight Jinhua Newborn Piglets.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Role of post-translational modifications of Sp1 in cancer: state of the art.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Regulation of short-chain fatty acids in the immune system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Nanocarriers for effective delivery: modulation of innate immunity for the management of infections and the associated complications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Article
- Precision Postbiotics and Mental Health: the Management of Post-COVID-19 Complications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2022Review
- Methylated (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate potentiates the effect of split vaccine accompanied with upregulation of Toll-like receptor 5.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 alleviates inflammation within the gut-adipose tissue axis involving TLR5 signaling in obese mice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 5 of Golden PompanoInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Diet influences the functions of the human intestinal microbiome.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Epigenetic regulation of Toll-like receptors and its roles in type 1 diabetes.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2018Review
- Butyrate produced by gut commensal bacteria activates TGF-beta1 expression through the transcription factor SP1 in human intestinal epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- SCFAs strongly stimulate PYY production in human enteroendocrine cells.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Killed Whole-Cell Oral Cholera Vaccine Induces CCL20 Secretion by Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells in the Presence of the Short-Chain Fatty Acid, Butyrate.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Nutrients Mediate Intestinal Bacteria-Mucosal Immune Crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Genome-wide methylation analysis reveals differentially methylated loci that are associated with an age-dependent increase in bovine fibroblast response to LPS.BMC genomics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) expression in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is critical to maintain health, as underscored by multiple intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases in mice genetically engineered for IEC-specific TLR5 knockout. A gradient of expression exists in the colonic epithelial cells from the cecum to the distal colon. Intriguingly, an identical gradient for the dietary metabolite, butyrate also exists in the luminal contents. However, both being critical for intestinal homeostasis and immune response, no studies examined the role of butyrate in the regulation of TLR5 expression. We showed that butyrate transcriptionally upregulates TLR5 in the IECs and augments flagellin-induced immune responses. Both basal and butyrate-induced transcription is regulated by differential binding of Sp-family transcription factors to the GC-box sequences over the TLR5 promoter. Butyrate activates two different protein kinase C isoforms to dephosphorylate/acetylate Sp1 by serine/threonine phosphatases and phosphorylate Sp3 by ERK-MAPK, respectively. This resulted in Sp1 displacement from the promoter and binding of Sp3 to it, leading to p300 recruitment and histone acetylation, activating transcription. This is the first study addressing the mechanisms of physiological TLR5 expression in the intestine. Additionally, a novel insight is gained into Sp1/Sp3-mediated gene regulation that may apply to other genes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.