Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27060000›Full record

ReviewCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2016

Opportunities for immunotherapy in microsatellite instable colorectal cancer.

Harm Westdorp, Felix L Fennemann, Robbert D A Weren, Tanya M Bisseling, Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg, Carl G Figdor, Gerty Schreibelt, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Florian Wimmers, I Jolanda M de Vries

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. A Novel Mutation ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Harm WestdorpDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Felix L FennemannDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Robbert D A WerenDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Tanya M BisselingDepartment of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Marjolijn J L LigtenbergDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Carl G FigdorDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Gerty SchreibeltDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nicoline HoogerbruggeDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Florian WimmersDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
I Jolanda M de VriesDepartment of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Jolanda.deVries@radboudumc.nl.
Radboud University Nijmegen · NLRadboud University Medical Center · NLRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences · NL

Funding

European Research Council 269019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microsatellite instability (MSI), the somatic accumulation of length variations in repetitive DNA sequences called microsatellites, is frequently observed in both hereditary and sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). It has been established that defects in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway underlie the development of MSI in CRC. After the inactivation of the DNA MMR pathway, misincorporations, insertions and deletions introduced by DNA polymerase slippage are not properly recognized and corrected. Specific genomic regions, including microsatellites, are more prone for DNA polymerase slippage and, therefore, more susceptible for the introduction of these mutations if the DNA MMR capacity is lost. Some of these susceptible genomic regions are located within the coding regions of genes. Insertions and deletions in these regions may alter their reading frame, potentially resulting in the transcription and translation of frameshift peptides with c-terminally altered amino acid sequences. These frameshift peptides are called neoantigens and are highly immunogenic, which explains the enhanced immunogenicity of MSI CRC. Neoantigens contribute to increased infiltration of tumor tissue with activated neoantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, a hallmark of MSI tumors. Currently, neoantigen-based vaccination is being studied in a clinical trial for Lynch syndrome and in a trial for sporadic MSI CRC of advanced stage. In this Focussed Research Review, we summarize current knowledge on molecular mechanisms and address immunological features of tumors with MSI. Finally, we describe their implications for immunotherapeutic approaches and provide an outlook on next-generation immunotherapy involving neoantigens and combinatorial therapies in the setting of MSI CRC.

Indexed as

Microsatellite InstabilityAnimalsAntigens, NeoplasmColorectal NeoplasmsDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA RepairHumansImmunotherapyLymphocyte ActivationMicrosatellite RepeatsMutationT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicAntigens, NeoplasmDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseCIMT 2015Colorectal cancerFrameshift-derived neoantigensImmunotherapyLynch syndromeMicrosatellite instability

Identifiers

PMID27060000
PMCPMC5035655
OpenAlexW2320280903

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.