Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27059645›Full record

ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2016

The therapeutic potential of mTOR inhibitors in breast cancer.

Linda S Steelman, Alberto M Martelli, Lucio Cocco, Massimo Libra, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Stephen L Abrams, James A McCubrey

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  7. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  16. Aquaporins in Tumor.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023
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  19. Article
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Linda S SteelmanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Alberto M MartelliDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Lucio CoccoDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Massimo LibraDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Section of Pathology & Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Ferdinando NicolettiDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Section of Pathology & Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Stephen L AbramsDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
James A McCubreyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA. mccubreyj@ecu.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapamycin and modified rapamycins (rapalogs) have been used to prevent allograft rejection after organ transplant for over 15 years. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been determined to be a key component of the mTORC1 complex which consists of the serine/threonine kinase TOR and at least five other proteins which are involved in regulating its activity. Some of the best characterized substrates of mTORC1 are proteins which are key kinases involved in the regulation of cell growth (e.g., p70S6K) and protein translation (e.g., 4E-BP1). These proteins may in some cases serve as indicators to sensitivity to rapamycin-related therapies. Dysregulation of mTORC1 activity frequently occurs due to mutations at, or amplifications of, upstream growth factor receptors (e.g., human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, HER2) as well as kinases (e.g., PI3K) and phosphatases (e.g., PTEN) critical in the regulation of cell growth. More recently, it has been shown that certain rapalogs may enhance the effectiveness of hormonal-based therapies for breast cancer patients who have become resistant to endocrine therapy. The combined treatment of certain rapalogs (e.g., everolimus) and aromatase inhibitors (e.g., exemestane) has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) and other drug regulatory agencies to treat estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer patients who have become resistant to hormonal-based therapies and have progressed. This review will summarize recent basic and clinical research in the area and evaluate potential novel therapeutic approaches.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsAromatase InhibitorsBreast NeoplasmsFemaleHumansMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1Models, BiologicalProtein Kinase InhibitorsSignal TransductionAromatase InhibitorsMechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1Protein Kinase Inhibitorsdrug resistanceendocrine resistanceeverolimusexemestanemetastasisrapamycin

Identifiers

PMID27059645
PMCPMC5061784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.