ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016
Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Against a Diverse Range of Circulating Strains in Nicaragua.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do Rotavirus Strains Affect Vaccine Effectiveness? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2021Pooled it
- The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of Methodology.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020Pooled it
- Rotavirus shedding following administration of RV3-BB human neonatal rotavirus vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Trial
- Oral rotavirus vaccine effectiveness among malnourished children in 19 countries: Findings from the MNSSTER-V project.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine against hospital-attended rotavirus gastroenteritis among children in Uganda.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Molecular ingredients of an immunogen for long-lasting IgG.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Global Experience With Rotavirus Vaccines.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The performance of licensed rotavirus vaccines and the development of a new generation of rotavirus vaccines: a review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
- An overview of rotavirus vaccination programs in developing countries.Expert review of vaccines · 2020Review
- Genetic Diversity of Human Rotavirus A Among Hospitalized Children Under-5 Years in Lebanon.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The rotavirus vaccine development pipeline.Vaccine · 2019Review
- Experiences with rotavirus vaccines: can we improve rotavirus vaccine impact in developing countries?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Review
- Article
- A universal genome sequencing method for rotavirus A from human fecal samples which identifies segment reassortment and multi-genotype mixed infection.BMC genomics · 2017Article
- Rotavirus vaccines: current global impact and future perspectives.Future virology · 2016Article
- Health Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination in Developing Countries: Progress and Way Forward.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBecause >60 rotavirus strains have been reported worldwide, concerns exist about strain replacement after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, particularly in developing countries with diverse strains and lower efficacy.
methodsWe used the case-control design in 4 hospitals in Nicaragua to assess strain-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq) against rotavirus diarrhea. Cases were identified through prospective strain surveillance with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for 3 years among children hospitalized for diarrhea, and controls were children negative for rotavirus.
resultsWe enrolled 1178 case-patients, 1082 (92%) with G and P typing, and 4927 controls. A different strain predominated each year with increasing age of the vaccine-eligible cohort during the study period: G2P[4] in 2008 (97%; mean age, 11.9 months), G1P[8] in 2009 (55%; mean age, 17.0 months), and G3P[8] in 2010 (78%; mean age, 17.3 months). Overall VE was 45% (95% confidence interval, 25%-59%). Regardless of the strain, VE estimates were 12%-79% lower among children aged ≥12 months relative to those 6-11 months of age. The lower VE for G3P[8] was related to the higher mean age of cases (17.3 months) compared with the G2P[4] strains (11.9 months), with a significant trend (R(2)= 0.819;P< .001) of declining effectiveness with increasing mean age of the cases.
conclusionsIntroduction of RotaTeq did not result in sustained emergence of any particular strain in Nicaragua. Variation in strain-specific effectiveness was due to an age-related decline in effectiveness rather than differences in protection against the observed strains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.