ArticleBehavioural brain research2016
Estradiol promotes the rewarding effects of nicotine in female rats.
Article in Behavioural brain research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in nicotine intravenous self-administration: A meta-analytic review.Physiology & behavior · 2019Pooled it
- Progesterone Increases Nicotine Withdrawal and Anxiety in Male but Not Female Smokers During Brief Abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- We must look beyond primary reinforcement to understand nicotine use in women.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Nicotine combined with estrogen activates protein kinase PKCι and TAO, while inhibiting specific MAP kinase pathways in cultured human neurons: an atlas of kinase activities for nicotine use disorder.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Contraceptive hormone ethinyl estradiol but not levonorgestrel modulates the role of reinforcer-enhancement in nicotine self-administration in ovary-intact female Sprague-Dawley rats.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- β-Nicotyrine and e-cigarette abuse liability I: Pharmacodynamics and interaction with pharmacokinetics and discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Effect of acute treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, and estrus phase on cue- and drug-induced fentanyl seeking in female rats.Behavioural pharmacology · 2025Article
- Nicotine is an Immunosuppressant: Implications for Women's Health and Disease.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Review
- A protocol for modifying progesterone to increase postpartum cigarette smoking abstinence and reduce secondhand smoke exposure in infants.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- The influence of ovarian hormones on the putative mechanisms that promote female nicotine use.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Enhancing translation: A need to leverage complex preclinical models of addictive drugs to accelerate substance use treatment options.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2024Review
- Article
- Sex differences in nicotine intake and relapse behavior in nicotine-dependent adult wistar rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Estradiol and Mu opioid-mediated reward: The role of estrogen receptors in opioid use.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- The importance of translationally evaluating steroid hormone contributions to substance use.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Sex/Gender Differences in the Time-Course for the Development of Substance Use Disorder: A Focus on the Telescoping Effect.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Sex and diet-dependent gene alterations in human and rat brains with a history of nicotine exposure.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Psychostimulant Abuse: Implications for Estrogen Receptors and Histone Deacetylases.Genes · 2022Review
- The emergence of insulin resistance following a chronic high-fat diet regimen coincides with an increase in the reinforcing effects of nicotine in a sex-dependent manner.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It is presently unclear whether ovarian hormones, such as estradiol (E2), promote the rewarding effects of nicotine in females. Thus, we compared extended access to nicotine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in intact male, intact female, and OVX female rats (Study 1) as well as OVX females that received vehicle or E2 supplementation (Study 2). The E2 supplementation procedure involved a 4-day injection regimen involving 2 days of vehicle and 2 days of E2 administration. Two doses of E2 (25 or 250μg) were assessed in separate groups of OVX females in order to examine the dose-dependent effects of this hormone on the rewarding effects of nicotine. The rats were given 23-hour access to nicotine IVSA using an escalating dose regimen (0.015, 0.03, and 0.06mg/kg/0.1mL). Each dose was self-administered for 4 days with 3 intervening days of nicotine abstinence. The results revealed that intact females displayed higher levels of nicotine intake as compared to males. Also, intact females displayed higher levels of nicotine intake versus OVX females. Lastly, our results revealed that OVX rats that received E2 supplementation displayed a dose-dependent increase in nicotine intake as compared to OVX rats that received vehicle. Together, our results suggest that the rewarding effects of nicotine are enhanced in female rats via the presence of the ovarian hormone, E2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.