ArticleChildhood obesity (Print)2016
Age at Introduction to Solid Foods and Child Obesity at 6 Years.
Article in Childhood obesity (Print), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Infant Feeding Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge and Practices of Chinese Immigrant Mothers: An Integrative Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- The Association Between the Early Introduction of Solid Food and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Association between Dietary Practices and Growth Trajectories in Preschool Children.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Differences in Infant Diet Quality Index by Race and Ethnicity Predict Differences in Later Diet Quality.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Infant Nutrition and Other Early Life Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity According to Disability Status.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Infant age at egg introduction and malnutrition-related child growth in the United States.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
- Associations of infant appetitive traits during milk feeding stage with age at introduction to solids and sweet food/beverage intake.Appetite · 2022Article
- Racial Disparities in Obesity Treatment Among Children and Adolescents.Current obesity reports · 2021Review
- Observational
- Effects of Breastfeeding, Formula Feeding, and Complementary Feeding on Rapid Weight Gain in the First Year of Life.Academic pediatrics · 2021Article
- Type, Timing, and Diversity of Complementary Foods Among Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino Infants.Hawai'i journal of health & social welfare · 2020Article
- Barriers and enablers to Caregivers Responsive feeding Behaviour (CRiB): A mixed method systematic review protocol.HRB open research · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Appropriate age range for introduction of complementary feeding into an infant's diet.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2019Article
- Age at Introduction of Solid Food and Obesity Throughout the Life Course.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2018Article
- Early Infant Feeding of Formula or Solid Foods and Risk of Childhood Overweight or Obesity in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Region of Australia: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Duration of Breastfeeding, but Not Timing of Solid Food, Reduces the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children Aged 24 to 36 Months: Findings from an Australian Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Early feeding practices and consumption of ultraprocessed foods at 6 y of age: Findings from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2018Article
- Infant feeding practices and dietary consumption of US infants and toddlers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2012.Public health nutrition · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEpidemiological evidence suggests that timing of introduction of solid foods may be associated with subsequent obesity, and the association may vary by whether an infant is breastfed or formula-fed.
methodsWe included 1181 infants who participated in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II) and the Year 6 Follow Up (Y6FU) study. Data from IFPS II were used to calculate the primary exposure and timing of solid food introduction (<4, 4-<6, and ≥6 months), and data from Y6FU were used to calculate the primary outcome and obesity at 6 years of age (BMI ≥95th percentile). We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between timing of the introduction of solids and obesity at 6 years and test whether this association was modified by breastfeeding duration (breastfed for 4 months vs. not).
resultsPrevalence of obesity in our sample was 12.0%. The odds of obesity was higher among infants introduced to solids <4 months compared to those introduced at 4-<6 months (odds ratio [OR] = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.15, 2.40) in unadjusted analysis; however, this relationship was no longer significant after adjustment for covariates (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 0.79, 1.77). Introduction of solids ≥6 months was not associated with obesity. We found no interaction between breastfeeding duration and early solid food introduction and subsequent obesity.
conclusionsTiming of introduction of solid foods was not associated with child obesity at 6 years in this sample. Given the inconsistency in findings with other studies, further studies in larger populations may be needed.
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