ArticleMediators of inflammation2016
Metformin Prevents Fatty Liver and Improves Balance of White/Brown Adipose in an Obesity Mouse Model by Inducing FGF21.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fat talks first: how adipose tissue sets the pace of aging?Life medicine · 2025Review
- Metformin and Adipose Tissue: A Multifaceted Regulator in Metabolism, Inflammation, and Regeneration.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Review
- An Assessment of the Biodegradation of Microneedles and Methods of Their Implantation for Transdermal Drug Administration.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Brown and Beige Adipose Tissue: One or Different Targets for Treatment of Obesity and Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Carnosic Acid (CA) Induces a Brown Fat-like Phenotype, Increases Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Metformin treatment of juvenile mice alters aging-related developmental and metabolic phenotypes in sex-dependent and sex-independent manners.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Anti-Diabetic Drug Metformin in the Prevention of Inflammatory Complications and Infectious Diseases Including COVID-19: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Metformin-loaded PLGA microspheres combined with an in situ-formed injectable SA/BG hydrogel alleviate rotator cuff muscle degeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
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- Anti-Obesity Effects of Metformin: A Scoping Review Evaluating the Feasibility of Brown Adipose Tissue as a Therapeutic Target.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Metformin in therapeutic applications in human diseases: its mechanism of action and clinical study.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Metformin can mitigate skeletal dysplasia caused by Pck2 deficiency.International journal of oral science · 2022Article
- Effects of Metformin on Bone Mineral Density and Adiposity-Associated Pathways in Animal Models with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Metabolic Action of Metformin.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Metformin Prevents Key Mechanisms of Obesity-Related Complications in Visceral White Adipose Tissue of Obese Pregnant Mice.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Transdermal Delivery of Metformin Using Dissolving Microneedles and Iontophoresis Patches for Browning Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Adipose tissue aging: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Cell death & disease · 2022Review
- Hepatic PTEN Signaling Regulates Systemic Metabolic Homeostasis through Hepatokines-Mediated Liver-to-Peripheral Organs Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obesity and its associated metabolic disorders are related to the onset of fatty liver and the balance of white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). We hypothesized that metformin, an effective pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes, would inhibit white adipogenesis, fatty liver, and metabolic dysfunction. Metformin was treated daily for 14 weeks in a high-fat dieting C57BL/6J mice. Serum biomarkers were analyzed and protein level was assessed using confocal staining or flow cytometry. The development of lipid drops in the liver cells and white adipocyte was measured using hematoxylin and eosin or Oil Red O stains. Gene expressions were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR. Metformin treatment decreased the body weight and improved the metabolic profile of obese mice. In obese mice, metformin also induced the expression of BAT-related markers and increased fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 expression in the liver and in white adipocyte. Metformin suppressed white adipocyte differentiation via induction of FGF21. Metformin improves Treg/Th17 balance in CD4+ T cells in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Metformin also improves glucose metabolism and metabolic disorder. Interleukin-17 deficiency also decreases inflammation in mice. Therefore, metformin may be therapeutically useful for the treatment of obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.