Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27056264›Full record

ArticlePrimates; journal of primatology2016

Prevalence of enteric bacterial parasites with respect to anthropogenic factors among commensal rhesus macaques in Dehradun, India.

Brianne A Beisner, Krishna N Balasubramaniam, Kristine Fernandez, Allison Heagerty, Shannon K Seil, Edward R Atwill, Brij K Gupta, P C Tyagi, Netrapal P S Chauhan, Bishan S Bonal and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Primates; journal of primatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
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  7. Social bufferingPeerJ · 2016
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Brianne A BeisnerInternational Institute for Human-Animal Networks, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. babeisner@ucdavis.edu.
Krishna N BalasubramaniamDept of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
Kristine FernandezDept of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
Allison HeagertyInternational Institute for Human-Animal Networks, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Shannon K SeilInternational Institute for Human-Animal Networks, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Edward R AtwillInternational Institute for Human-Animal Networks, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Brij K GuptaCentral Zoo Authority, Ministry of Environment and Forest, New Delhi, India.
P C TyagiWildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India.
Netrapal P S ChauhanWildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India.
Bishan S BonalCentral Zoo Authority, Ministry of Environment and Forest, New Delhi, India.
Priya R SinhaCentral Zoo Authority, Ministry of Environment and Forest, New Delhi, India.
Brenda McCowanInternational Institute for Human-Animal Networks, School of Vet. Med., University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There has been a recent surge in research on primate infectious disease ecology. Two major areas remain relatively unaddressed to date-the prevalence of enteric bacterial parasites and the role of anthropogenic environmental factors in parasite acquisition in commensally living primate populations. In this preliminary assessment, we address both these gaps by assessing the prevalence, and the role of anthropogenic factors in shaping this prevalence, of three enteric bacterial parasites-E . coli O157:H7, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp.-across populations of rhesus macaques (M. mulatta) that live commensally with humans in Dehradun, northern India. Across 10-week study period, we collected data on (1) human-macaque behavioral interactions, (2) macaque and human demographic and activity scans, and (3) macaque fecal samples from the environment at four different locations in Dehradun. Biochemical tests and morphology-based confirmations clearly established the presence of all three enteric bacterial parasites in rhesus macaques. Overall prevalence ranged from 2 to 5 %, with Shigella sp. being the most prevalent. Regression analyses linking anthropogenic factors to bacterial prevalence showed a positive association between rates of macaques eating human garbage and E. coli O157:H7 (β = 0.23, p = 0.083), but a negative association with Salmonella sp. (β = -0.17, p = 0.026). Rather, the prevalence of Salmonella sp. was positively linked to rates of macaque eating provisioned food (β = 0.0012, p = 0.058). Finally, we found no relationship between anthropogenic factors and the prevalence of Shigella sp. Our findings establish the prevalence of enteric bacterial parasites in commensal populations of primates and suggest that although anthropogenic factors are linked to bacterial prevalence, the nature of the relationships may depend on the socioecological/foraging strategies of macaques and the food sources that facilitate the environmental survival of particular types of enteric bacteria over others.

Indexed as

Macaca mulattaAnimalsDysentery, BacillaryEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsFecesFemaleIndiaMaleMonkey DiseasesPrevalenceSalmonellaSalmonella Infections, AnimalShigellaSymbiosisEthnoprimatologyHuman impactMacaquePathogenSouth and Southeast Asia

Identifiers

PMID27056264

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.