Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27052405›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2016

Mechanical role of the posterior column components in the cervical spine.

Robert A Hartman, Robert E Tisherman, Cheng Wang, Kevin M Bell, Joon Y Lee, Gwendolyn A Sowa, James D Kang

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Optimization of a bearing geometry for a cervical total disc replacement.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  2. Neck Pain: Do We Know Enough About the Sensorimotor Control System?Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2022
    Review
  3. Comparable clinical and radiological outcomes between skipped-level and all-level plating for open-door laminoplasty.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Robert A HartmanDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Robert E TishermanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Cheng WangThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 69 Huanshan Road, 421001, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
Kevin M BellDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Joon Y LeeDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. leejy@upmc.edu.
Gwendolyn A SowaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
James D KangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, E1641 Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo quantify the mechanical role of posterior column components in human cervical spine segments.

methodsTwelve C6-7 segments were subjected to resection of (1) suprasinous/interspinous ligaments (SSL/ISL), (2) ligamenta flavum (LF), (3) facet capsules, and (4) facets. A robot-based testing system performed repeated flexibility testing of flexion-extension (FE), axial rotation (AR), and lateral bending (LB) to 2.5Nm and replayed kinematics from intact flexibility tests for each state. Range-of-motion, stiffness, moment resistance and resultant forces were calculated.

resultsThe LF contributes largely to moment resistance, particularly in flexion. Facet joints were primary contributors to AR and LB mechanics. Moment/force responses were more sensitive and precise than kinematic outcomes.

conclusionsThe LF is mechanically important in the cervical spine; its injury could negatively impact load distribution. Damage to facets in a flexion injury could lead to AR or LB hypermobility. Quantifying the contribution of spinal structures to moment resistance is a sensitive, precise process for characterizing structural mechanics.

Indexed as

AdultBiomechanical PhenomenaCervical VertebraeFemaleHumansLigaments, ArticularLigamentum FlavumMaleMiddle AgedRange of Motion, ArticularRotationZygapophyseal JointCervical spineLigamentum flavumPosterior columnRoboticsSerial resection

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.