Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27052303›Full record

Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2016

Muscle, functional and cognitive adaptations after flywheel resistance training in stroke patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Sol Fernandez-Gonzalo, Marc Turon, Cristina Prieto, Per A Tesch, Maria del Carmen García-Carreira

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02120846 (Effects of Flywheel Resistance Training on Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02120846 nacompletednot on this map

Effects of Flywheel Resistance Training on Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorKarolinska InstitutetRan2014 to 2014Enrolled29ConditionsStrokeArmsFlywheel leg-press resistance exercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Resistance training for people with stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  5. The effects of exercise intervention on cognition and motor function in stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023
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  11. Physical fitness training for stroke patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Rodrigo Fernandez-GonzaloDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. rodrigo.gonzalo@ki.se.
Sol Fernandez-GonzaloResearch Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.
Marc TuronResearch Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.
Cristina PrietoDepartment of Radiology, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.
Per A TeschDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Maria del Carmen García-CarreiraDepartment of Neurology, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResistance exercise (RE) improves neuromuscular function and physical performance after stroke. Yet, the effects of RE emphasizing eccentric (ECC; lengthening) actions on muscle hypertrophy and cognitive function in stroke patients are currently unknown. Thus, this study explored the effects of ECC-overload RE training on skeletal muscle size and function, and cognitive performance in individuals with stroke.

methodsThirty-two individuals with chronic stroke (≥6 months post-stroke) were randomly assigned into a training group (TG; n = 16) performing ECC-overload flywheel RE of the more-affected lower limb (12 weeks, 2 times/week; 4 sets of 7 maximal closed-chain knee extensions; <2 min of contractile activity per session) or a control group (CG; n = 16), maintaining daily routines. Before and after the intervention, quadriceps femoris volume, maximal force and power for each leg were assessed, and functional and dual task performance, and cognitive functions were measured.

resultsQuadriceps femoris volume of the more-affected leg increased by 9.4 % in TG. Muscle power of the more-affected, trained (48.2 %), and the less-affected, untrained limb (28.1 %) increased after training. TG showed enhanced balance (8.9 %), gait performance (10.6 %), dual-task performance, executive functions (working memory, verbal fluency tasks), attention, and speed of information processing. CG showed no changes.

conclusionECC-overload flywheel resistance exercise comprising 4 min of contractile activity per week offers a powerful aid to regain muscle mass and function, and functional performance in individuals with stroke. While the current intervention improved cognitive functions, the cause-effect relationship, if any, with the concomitant neuromuscular adaptations remains to be explored.

trial registrationClinical Trials NCT02120846.

Indexed as

Stroke RehabilitationAgedFemaleGaitHumansMaleMiddle AgedMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthNeurological RehabilitationPilot ProjectsResistance TrainingEccentric overloadExecutive functionMuscle-brain interactionMuscle hypertrophy

Identifiers

PMID27052303
PMCPMC4823904

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.