Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27051878›Full record

ArticleScience advances2016

Ancient mitochondrial DNA provides high-resolution time scale of the peopling of the Americas.

Bastien Llamas, Lars Fehren-Schmitz, Guido Valverde, Julien Soubrier, Swapan Mallick, Nadin Rohland, Susanne Nordenfelt, Cristina Valdiosera, Stephen M Richards, Adam Rohrlach and 21 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Genetic ancestry of families of putative Inka descent.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2018
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  14. Why humans evolved blue eyes.Frontiers in psychology · 2025
    Article
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37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Bastien LlamasAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5550-9176
Lars Fehren-SchmitzDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5510-1114
Guido ValverdeAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Julien SoubrierAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9350-7369
Swapan MallickDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 20815, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4531-4439
Nadin RohlandDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 20815, USA.
Susanne NordenfeltDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 20815, USA.
Cristina ValdioseraDepartment of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4948-2226
Stephen M RichardsAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0202-9654
Adam RohrlachSchool of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Maria Inés Barreto RomeroMuseo de Sitio Huaca Pucllana, Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru.
Isabel Flores EspinozaMuseo de Sitio Huaca Pucllana, Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru.
Elsa Tomasto CagigaoDepartamento de Humanidades, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima 32, Peru.ORCID 0000-0002-5326-8102
Lucía Watson JiménezDepartamento de Humanidades, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima 32, Peru.; Centro de Investigaciones Arqueológicas del Museo de Sitio de Ancón, Lima 38, Peru.
Krzysztof MakowskiDepartamento de Humanidades, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima 32, Peru.ORCID 0000-0002-1523-1624
Ilán Santiago Leboreiro ReynaInstituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City 6500, Mexico.
Josefina Mansilla LoryInstituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City 6500, Mexico.
Julio Alejandro Ballivián TorrezUnidad de Arqueología y Museos, Ministerio de Culturas y Turismo de Bolivia, La Paz 3165, Bolivia.ORCID 0000-0002-0432-530X
Mario A RiveraUniversidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile.
Richard L BurgerPeabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA.
Maria Constanza CerutiInstituto de Investigaciones de Alta Montaña, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta 4400, Argentina.; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, Cdad. Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Johan ReinhardNational Geographic Society, Washington, DC 20036, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1142-0479
R Spencer WellsNational Geographic Society, Washington, DC 20036, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8171-1204
Gustavo PolitisInstituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, 7600 Olavarría, Argentina.ORCID 0000-0003-4161-9873
Calogero M SantoroInstituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile.
Vivien G StandenInstituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile.
Colin SmithDepartment of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5901-8780
David ReichDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 20815, USA.
Simon Y W HoSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0361-2307
Alan CooperAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Wolfgang HaakAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2475-2007

Funding

Population mixture in evolutionary and medical geneticsR01GM100233 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI PATTERSON, NICK J, REICH, DAVID E · 2012 to 2019
$2.7M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS GM100233NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM100233
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The exact timing, route, and process of the initial peopling of the Americas remains uncertain despite much research. Archaeological evidence indicates the presence of humans as far as southern Chile by 14.6 thousand years ago (ka), shortly after the Pleistocene ice sheets blocking access from eastern Beringia began to retreat. Genetic estimates of the timing and route of entry have been constrained by the lack of suitable calibration points and low genetic diversity of Native Americans. We sequenced 92 whole mitochondrial genomes from pre-Columbian South American skeletons dating from 8.6 to 0.5 ka, allowing a detailed, temporally calibrated reconstruction of the peopling of the Americas in a Bayesian coalescent analysis. The data suggest that a small population entered the Americas via a coastal route around 16.0 ka, following previous isolation in eastern Beringia for ~2.4 to 9 thousand years after separation from eastern Siberian populations. Following a rapid movement throughout the Americas, limited gene flow in South America resulted in a marked phylogeographic structure of populations, which persisted through time. All of the ancient mitochondrial lineages detected in this study were absent from modern data sets, suggesting a high extinction rate. To investigate this further, we applied a novel principal components multiple logistic regression test to Bayesian serial coalescent simulations. The analysis supported a scenario in which European colonization caused a substantial loss of pre-Columbian lineages.

Indexed as

Genetics, PopulationGenetic VariationPhylogenyAmericasArchaeologyBayes TheoremChileDNA, AncientDNA, MitochondrialEmigration and ImmigrationGenome, MitochondrialHaplotypesHumansIndians, North AmericanSouth AmericaDNA, AncientDNA, MitochondrialAncient DNABeringiacolonizationNative America

Identifiers

PMID27051878
PMCPMC4820370

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