Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27051867›Full record

ArticleScience advances2016

Direct and cost-efficient hyperpolarization of long-lived nuclear spin states on universal (15)N2-diazirine molecular tags.

Thomas Theis, Gerardo X Ortiz, Angus W J Logan, Kevin E Claytor, Yesu Feng, William P Huhn, Volker Blum, Steven J Malcolmson, Eduard Y Chekmenev, Qiu Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
112citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

112 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Hyperpolarization of PyridineAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Article
  3. HyperpolarizedACS sensors · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. The Versatility of Diazirines: Properties, Synthetic and Modern Applications.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Multi-axis fields boost SABRE hyperpolarization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Development of Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of [Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023
    Article
  15. Reversible Parahydrogen Induced Hyperpolarization ofAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  16. Spin dynamics of [1,2-Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Thomas TheisDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6779-9978
Gerardo X OrtizDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Angus W J LoganDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3985-9835
Kevin E ClaytorDepartment of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6072-5033
Yesu FengDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
William P HuhnDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8815-4594
Volker BlumDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Steven J MalcolmsonDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3229-0949
Eduard Y ChekmenevDepartments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Qiu WangDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Warren S WarrenDepartment of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.; Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.; Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

Funding

INTEGRATED CENTER FOR IN VIVO MICROSCOPYP41EB015897 · NIBIB · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI JOHNSON, GEORGE ALLAN · 2012 to 2017
$7.4M
Pure parahydrogen-enhanced metabolic MRI contrast agents for molecular imagingR21EB018014 · NIBIB · SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE · PI CHEKMENEV, EDUARD, GOODSON, BOYD M · 2014 to 2015
$407k
NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015897NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB018014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conventional magnetic resonance (MR) faces serious sensitivity limitations which can be overcome by hyperpolarization methods, but the most common method (dynamic nuclear polarization) is complex and expensive, and applications are limited by short spin lifetimes (typically seconds) of biologically relevant molecules. We use a recently developed method, SABRE-SHEATH, to directly hyperpolarize (15)N2 magnetization and long-lived (15)N2 singlet spin order, with signal decay time constants of 5.8 and 23 minutes, respectively. We find >10,000-fold enhancements generating detectable nuclear MR signals that last for over an hour. (15)N2-diazirines represent a class of particularly promising and versatile molecular tags, and can be incorporated into a wide range of biomolecules without significantly altering molecular function.

Indexed as

DiazomethaneElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyMagnetic FieldsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyModels, ChemicalNitrogen IsotopesDiazomethaneNitrogen IsotopeshyperpolarizationMagnetic resonancenuclear spin states

Identifiers

PMID27051867
PMCPMC4820385

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.