ReviewHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2016
The success of microneedle-mediated vaccine delivery into skin.
Review in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Non-transdermal microneedles for advanced drug delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of influenza vaccination with a high-density microarray patch: Results from a randomized, controlled phase I clinical trial.PLoS medicine · 2020Trial
- The safety, immunogenicity, and acceptability of inactivated influenza vaccine delivered by microneedle patch (TIV-MNP 2015): a randomised, partly blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2017Trial
- Emerging and Prospective Engineering Technologies Enabling Microneedle Based Vaccine Therapeutics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Geometric Parameter Optimization of 3D-Printed Microneedle Arrays Based on Comprehensive Mechanical Testing and Failure Analysis.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Advances in Cell-Mediated Drug Delivery for Dermatologic Diseases: Mechanisms and Current Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Enhancing vaccine stability in transdermal microneedle platforms.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Development and Evaluation of Dual Microneedle Array Patch for Sequential Intradermal Delivery of Adjuvant and Antigen.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Delivery of PLGA-Loaded Influenza Vaccine Microparticles Using Dissolving Microneedles Induces a Robust Immune Response.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Skin patch delivery of a SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine produces broad neutralising antibody responses.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges of Microneedle Assisted Drug Delivery for Biomedicals Applications: A Review.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Fourth dose of microneedle array patch of SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein subunit vaccine elicits robust long-lasting humoral responses in mice.International immunopharmacology · 2024Article
- Recent progress of polymeric microneedle-assisted long-acting transdermal drug delivery.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2024Review
- Three Dimensional Printing and Its Applications Focusing on Microneedles for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Review
- Skin Vaccination with Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Using a Polyphosphazene-Based Microneedle Patch Protects Mice against Lethal Challenge.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Article
- A microarray patch SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces sustained antibody responses and polyfunctional cellular immunity.iScience · 2022Article
- A comprehensive review on possibilities of treating psoriasis using dermal cyclosporine.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Review
- The Rise of Polymeric Microneedles: Recent Developments, Advances, Challenges, and Applications with Regard to Transdermal Drug Delivery.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are designed to specifically target the outermost, skin barrier layer, the stratum corneum, creating transient pathways for minimally invasive transcutaneous delivery. It is reported that MNs can facilitate delivery without stimulating the pain receptors or damaging blood vessels that lie beneath, thus being perceived as painless and associated with reduced bleeding. This immunocompetence of the skin, coupled with its ease of access, makes this organ an attractive vaccination site. The purpose of this review was to collate primary scientific literature pertaining to MN-mediated in vivo vaccination programmes. A total of 62 original research articles are presented, compiling vaccination strategies in 6 different models (mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, pig, macaque and human). Vaccines tested span a wide range of viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens and includes 7 of the 13 vaccine-preventable diseases, as defined by the WHO. This review highlights the paucity of available clinical trial data. MN-delivered vaccines have demonstrated safety and immunogenicity in pre-clinical models and boast desirable attributes such as painless administration, thermostability, dose-sparing capacity and the potential for self-administration. These advantages should contribute to enhanced global vaccine access.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.