ArticlePloS one2016
Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01071421 (Prevalence of Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome in Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia, Prospective and Comparative Case-control Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevalence of Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome in Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia, Prospective and Comparative Case-control Study
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of pneumococcal disease among adults in Southern Europe (Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Greece): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-diagnosed sleep apnoea is linked to severe courses in community-acquired pneumonia.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Impact of Allergic Diseases or Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk on SevereJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Respiratory Infections: A Review Article.Thoracic research and practice · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in mortality from pneumonia and obstructive sleep apnea in the United States (1999-2020): Insights from CDC WONDER.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Observational
- Association of CPAP Prescription and Pneumonia Among Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the United States: A Retrospective Database Analysis.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Incidence and risk factors of nocturnal penetrations and aspirations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea during drug-induced sedation endoscopy.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Sleep behaviors modify the association between hemoglobin concentration and respiratory infection: a prospective cohort analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- The Effect of Opioids and Benzodiazepines on Exacerbation Rate and Overall Survival in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Long-Term Non-Invasive Ventilation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Respiratory comorbidities and treatments in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: impact on life expectancy and causes of death.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Narrative Literature Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cardiopulmonary Phenotypes and Protein Signatures in Children With Down Syndrome.Clinical pediatrics · 2024Article
- Fibrinaloid Microclots and Atrial Fibrillation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Obstructive sleep apnea promotes the progression of lung cancer by modulating cancer cell invasion and cancer-associated fibroblast activation via TGFβ signaling.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2023Article
- Respiratory infection risk in positive airway pressure therapy users: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Article
- Lower respiratory tract infections among newly diagnosed sleep apnea patients.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
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- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe hypothesized that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can predispose individuals to lower airway infections and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to upper airway microaspiration. This study evaluated the association between OSA and CAP.
methodsWe performed a case-control study that included 82 patients with CAP and 41 patients with other infections (control group). The controls were matched according to age, sex and body mass index (BMI). A respiratory polygraph (RP) was performed upon admission for patients in both groups. The severity of pneumonia was assessed according to the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI). The associations between CAP and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), OSA, OSA severity and other sleep-related variables were evaluated using logistic regression models. The associations between OSA, OSA severity with CAP severity were evaluated with linear regression models and non-parametric tests.
findingsNo significant differences were found between CAP and control patients regarding anthropometric variables, toxic habits and risk factors for CAP. Patients with OSA, defined as individuals with an Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥10, showed an increased risk of CAP (OR = 2·86, 95%CI 1·29-6·44, p = 0·01). Patients with severe OSA (AHI≥30) also had a higher risk of CAP (OR = 3·18, 95%CI 1·11-11·56, p = 0·047). In addition, OSA severity, defined according to the AHI quartile, was also significantly associated with CAP (p = 0·007). Furthermore, OSA was significantly associated with CAP severity (p = 0·0002), and OSA severity was also associated with CAP severity (p = 0·0006).
conclusionsOSA and OSA severity are associated with CAP when compared to patients admitted to the hospital for non-respiratory infections. In addition, OSA and OSA severity are associated with CAP severity. These results support the potential role of OSA in the pathogenesis of CAP and could have clinical implications. This link between OSA and infection risk should be explored to investigate the relationships among gastroesophageal reflux, silent aspiration, laryngeal sensory dysfunction and CAP.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01071421.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.