ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology2016
Human and Mouse Eosinophils Have Antiviral Activity against Parainfluenza Virus.
Article in American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lower viral loads in subjects with rhinovirus-challenged allergy despite reduced innate immunity.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2022Trial
- Rhinovirus-infected preschool children with problematic wheeze have lung eosinophilic inflammation.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Static and Dynamic Eosinophil Measures and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Disease modulation by TIV vaccination during secondary pneumococcal infections in influenza-infected mice.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Monocyte-eosinophil signaling axis promotes vaccine-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Seasonal variation of pediatric asthma exacerbations and its association with asthma phenotypes.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Disease modulation by TIV vaccination during secondary pneumococcal infections in influenza-infected mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Role of Nitric Oxide in HSV-1 Infection: The Use of an Inducible Nitric Synthase Inhibitor Aminoguanidine to Treat Neuroinflammation.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Editorial: Update on eosinophil-associated diseases.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Article
- Considerations on the evolutionary biology and functions of eosinophils: what the "haeckel"?Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Breakthrough infections by SARS-CoV-2 variants boost cross-reactive hybrid immune responses in mRNA-vaccinated Golden Syrian hamsters.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Clinical and hematological characteristics of children infected with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: role of the combination of the neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio and eosinophil count in distinguishing severe COVID-19.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Resolution of Eosinophilic Pneumonia after Coronavirus Disease 2019 without Systemic Corticosteroids.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- Host Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.Viruses · 2023Review
- Respiratory virus infections of the lower respiratory tract elevate bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophil fraction: a clinical retrospective study and case review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Mixed storm in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A narrative review and new term in the Covid-19 era.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory viruses cause asthma exacerbations. Because eosinophils are the prominent leukocytes in the airways of 60-70% of patients with asthma, we evaluated the effects of eosinophils on a common respiratory virus, parainfluenza 1, in the lung. Eosinophils recruited to the airways of wild-type mice after ovalbumin sensitization and challenge significantly decreased parainfluenza virus RNA in the lungs 4 days after infection compared with nonsensitized animals. This antiviral effect was also seen in IL-5 transgenic mice with an abundance of airway eosinophils (NJ.1726) but was lost in transgenic eosinophil-deficient mice (PHIL) and in IL-5 transgenic mice crossed with eosinophil-deficient mice (NJ.1726-PHIL). Loss of the eosinophil granule protein eosinophil peroxidase, using eosinophil peroxidase-deficient transgenic mice, did not reduce eosinophils' antiviral effect. Eosinophil antiviral mechanisms were also explored in vitro. Isolated human eosinophils significantly reduced parainfluenza virus titers. This effect did not involve degradation of viral RNA by eosinophil granule RNases. However, eosinophils treated with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor lost their antiviral activity, suggesting eosinophils attenuate viral infectivity through production of nitric oxide. Consequently, eosinophil nitric oxide production was measured with an intracellular fluorescent probe. Eosinophils produced nitric oxide in response to virus and to a synthetic agonist of the virus-sensing innate immune receptor, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7. IFNγ increased expression of eosinophil TLR7 and potentiated TLR7-induced nitric oxide production. These results suggest that eosinophils promote viral clearance in the lung and contribute to innate immune responses against respiratory virus infections in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.