Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27047474›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2016

Triclosan Demonstrates Synergic Effect with Amphotericin B and Fluconazole and Induces Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Cryptococcus neoformans.

Elaheh Movahed, Grace Min Yi Tan, Komathy Munusamy, Tee Cian Yeow, Sun Tee Tay, Won Fen Wong, Chung Yeng Looi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Assessing the Anti-Cryptococcus Antifungal Potential of Artemisinin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Searching for new antifungals for the treatment of cryptococcosis.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2023
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Triclosan: An Update on Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Elaheh MovahedDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Grace Min Yi TanDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Komathy MunusamyDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Tee Cian YeowDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sun Tee TayDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Won Fen WongDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Chung Yeng LooiDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
University Malaya Medical Centre · MYUniversity of Malaya · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesCryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis especially in AIDS patients. There is an increasing need for discovery of new anti-cryptococcal drugs due to emergence of resistance cases in recent years. In this study, we aim to elucidate the antifungal effect of triclosan against C. neoformans.

methodsMinimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of triclosan in different C. neoformans strains was first examined. The in vitro interactions between triclosan and two standard anti-fungal drugs (amphotericin B and fluconazole) were further evaluated by microdilution checkerboard assay. Mechanism of triclosan fungicidal activity was then investigated by viewing the cell morphology under transmission electron microscope.

resultsWe reported that triclosan potently inhibited the growth of C. neoformans. A combination of triclosan with amphotericin B or with fluconazole enhanced their fungicidal effects. Triclosan-treated C. neoformans displayed characteristics such as nuclear chromatin condensation, extensive intracellular vacuolation and mitochondrial swelling, indicating that triclosan triggered apoptosis-like cell death.

conclusionIn summary, our report suggests triclosan as an independent drug or synergent for C. neoformans treatment.

Indexed as

amphotericin Bantifungal effectapoptosisCryptococcus neoformansfluconazolesynergytriclosan

Identifiers

PMID27047474
PMCPMC4800180
OpenAlexW2316270297

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.