Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27045842›Full record

ArticleTranslational psychiatry2016

Preventive effects of minocycline in a neurodevelopmental two-hit model with relevance to schizophrenia.

S Giovanoli, H Engler, A Engler, J Richetto, J Feldon, M A Riva, M Schedlowski, U Meyer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Microglial plasticity across development mediates infantile amnesia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Pioglitazone attenuates behavioral and electrophysiological dysfunctions induced by two-hit model of schizophrenia in adult rodent offspring.European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Article
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  10. Article
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  13. Microglia and microbiome in schizophrenia: can immunomodulation improve symptoms?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023
    Review
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11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

S GiovanoliPhysiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
H EnglerInstitute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
A EnglerInstitute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
J RichettoDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
J FeldonLaboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
M A RivaDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
M SchedlowskiInstitute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
U MeyerPhysiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ETH Zurich · CHUniversity of Duisburg-Essen · DEUniversity of Milan · ITUniversity of Zurich · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Maternal immune activation can increase the vulnerability of the offspring to develop neuroimmune and behavioral abnormalities in response to stress in puberty. In offspring of immune-challenged mothers, stress-induced inflammatory processes precede the adult onset of multiple behavioral dysfunctions. Here, we explored whether an early anti-inflammatory intervention during peripubertal stress exposure might prevent the subsequent emergence of adult behavioral pathology. We used an environmental two-hit model in mice, in which prenatal maternal administration of the viral mimetic poly(I:C) served as the first hit, and exposure to sub-chronic unpredictable stress during peripubertal maturation as the second hit. Using this model, we examined the effectiveness of the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline (MINO) given during stress exposure to block stress-induced inflammatory responses and to prevent subsequent behavioral abnormalities. We found that combined exposure to prenatal immune activation and peripubertal stress caused significant deficits in prepulse inhibition and increased sensitivity to the psychotomimetic drugs amphetamine and dizocilpine in adulthood. MINO treatment during stress exposure prevented the emergence of these behavioral dysfunctions. In addition, the pharmacological intervention blocked hippocampal and prefrontal microglia activation and interleukin-1β expression in offspring exposed to prenatal infection and peripubertal stress. Together, these findings demonstrate that presymptomatic MINO treatment can prevent the subsequent emergence of multiple behavioral abnormalities relevant to human neuropsychiatric disorders with onset in early adulthood, including schizophrenia. Our epidemiologically informed two-hit model may thus encourage attempts to explore the use of anti-inflammatory agents in the early course of brain disorders that are characterized by signs of central nervous system inflammation during development.

Indexed as

SchizophreniaAmphetamineAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCentral Nervous System StimulantsDisease Models, AnimalDizocilpine MaleateExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFemaleHippocampusInterferon InducersInterleukin-1betaMiceMicrogliaMinocyclinePoly I-CAmphetamineAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCentral Nervous System StimulantsDizocilpine MaleateExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsIL1B protein, mouseInterferon InducersInterleukin-1betaMinocyclinePoly I-C

Identifiers

PMID27045842
PMCPMC4872396
OpenAlexW2330498227

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.