ArticleAIDS (London, England)2016
The plasma levels of soluble ST2 as a marker of gut mucosal damage in early HIV infection.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04058392 (FULL TITLE), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
FULL TITLE: Camu Camu Effects on Circulating LPS and Systemic Immune Activation in ART-treated Participants: the Camu Camu Pilot Study
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers of mortality in adults and adolescents with advanced HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- IL-21 and anti-α4β7 dual therapy during ART promotes immunological and microbiome responses in SIV-infected macaques.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Effects of statins beyond lipid-lowering agents in ART-treated HIV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Relevance of biomarkers indicating gut damage and microbial translocation in people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- IL-33 activates mTORC1 and modulates glycolytic metabolism in CD8Immunology · 2022Article
- Circulating (1→3)-β-D-glucan Is Associated With Immune Activation During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Fungal Translocation: A Driving Force Behind the Occurrence of Non-AIDS Events?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Plasma Levels of C-Type Lectin REG3α and Gut Damage in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- IL-33 Alarmin and Its Active Proinflammatory Fragments Are Released in Small Intestine in Celiac Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Association of intestinal and systemic inflammatory biomarkers with immune reconstitution in HIV+ patients on ART.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2020Article
- Treating From the Inside Out: Relevance of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Counteract Gut Damage in GVHD and HIV Infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 is Directly Correlated with Glycated Hemoglobin in Individuals with an Average glycemia in the Normal/Prediabetes Range.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- IL-33 Is Essential for Adjuvant Effect of Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodexrin on the Protective Intranasal Influenza Vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 levels are not predictive of non-AIDS events during antiretroviral therapy-mediated viral suppression.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Observational
- Article
- CXCL13 as a Biomarker of Immune Activation During Early and Chronic HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Circulating LPS and (1→3)-β-D-Glucan: A Folie à Deux Contributing to HIV-Associated Immune Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Reduction of inflammation and T cell activation after 6 months of cART initiation during acute, but not in early chronic HIV-1 infection.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- Use of (1→3)-β-d-glucan for diagnosis and management of invasive mycoses in HIV-infected patients.Mycoses · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFollowing tissue barrier breaches, interleukin-33 (IL-33) is released as an 'alarmin' to induce inflammation. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), as an IL-33 decoy receptor, contributes to limit inflammation. We assessed the relationship between the IL-33/ST2 axis and markers of gut mucosal damage in patients with early (EHI) and chronic HIV infection (CHI) and elite controllers.
designAnalyses on patients with EHI and CHI were conducted to determine IL-33/sST2 changes over time.
methodsIL-33 and sST2 levels were measured in plasma. Correlations between sST2 levels and plasma viral load, CD4 and CD8 T-cell counts, expression of T-cell activation/exhaustion markers, gut mucosal damage, microbial translocation and inflammation markers, as well as kynurenine/tryptophan ratio were assessed.
resultsPlasma sST2 levels were elevated in EHI compared with untreated CHI and uninfected controls, whereas IL-33 levels were comparable in all groups. In EHI, sST2 levels were positively correlated with the CD8 T-cell count and the percentage of T cells expressing activation and exhaustion markers, but not with viral load or CD4 T-cell count. Plasma sST2 levels also correlated with plasma levels of gut mucosal damage, microbial translocation and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio and for some markers of inflammation. Prospective analyses showed that early antiretroviral therapy had no impact on sST2 levels, whereas longer treatment duration initiated during CHI normalized sST2.
conclusionAs sST2 levels were elevated in EHI and were correlated with CD8 T-cell count, immune activation, and microbial translocation, sST2 may serve as a marker of disease progression, gut damage and may directly contribute to HIV pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.