ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2016
NAIP proteins are required for cytosolic detection of specific bacterial ligands in vivo.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innate immune sensors of inflammasomes and PANoptosomes: structural-mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Cell research · 2026Review
- The NLRP3 inflammasome at the crossroads of innate immune signaling and cell death.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- RANKL inhibits macrophage proinflammatory Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and impairs killing of intracellular bacteria.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- An overview of human inflammasomes: Activation and regulation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- NLRP1B is an integrated decoy that subvertsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Host response to bacteria induces a shift towards the enteroendocrine cell lineage in the murine enteroid model.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
- Single-cell analysis of genetically minimized Salmonella reveals effector gene cooperation in vivo.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- The IL-18 receptor is expressed on murine small-intestinal enterochromaffin cells and executes a recovery program upon injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Enteric tuft cell inflammasome activation drives NKp46+ILC3 IL22 via PGD2 and inhibits Salmonella.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Inflammasomes primarily restrict cytosoliceLife · 2025Article
- TLR priming licenses NAIP inflammasome activation by immunoevasive ligands.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Inflammasome protein scaffolds the DNA damage complex during tumor development.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Inflammasomes primarily restrict cytosolicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Strategies of bacterial detection by inflammasomes.Cell chemical biology · 2024Review
- Direct Salmonella injection into enteroid cells allows the study of host-pathogen interactions in the cytosol with high spatiotemporal resolution.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Structural basis of the human NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome assembly and pathogen sensing.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2024Article
- Structural basis for flagellin-induced NAIP5 activation.Science advances · 2023Article
- Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain [NBD] leucine-rich repeat [LRR]-containing proteins) exhibit diverse functions in innate and adaptive immunity. NAIPs (NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory proteins) are NLRs that appear to function as cytosolic immunoreceptors for specific bacterial proteins, including flagellin and the inner rod and needle proteins of bacterial type III secretion systems (T3SSs). Despite strong biochemical evidence implicating NAIPs in specific detection of bacterial ligands, genetic evidence has been lacking. Here we report the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to generate Naip1(-/-) and Naip2(-/-) mice, as well as Naip1-6(Δ/Δ) mice lacking all functional Naip genes. By challenging Naip1(-/-) or Naip2(-/-) mice with specific bacterial ligands in vivo, we demonstrate that Naip1 is uniquely required to detect T3SS needle protein and Naip2 is uniquely required to detect T3SS inner rod protein, but neither Naip1 nor Naip2 is required for detection of flagellin. Previously generated Naip5(-/-) mice retain some residual responsiveness to flagellin in vivo, whereas Naip1-6(Δ/Δ) mice fail to respond to cytosolic flagellin, consistent with previous biochemical data implicating NAIP6 in flagellin detection. Our results provide genetic evidence that specific NAIP proteins function to detect specific bacterial proteins in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.