ArticleJournal of lipid research2016
Exocytosis of macrophage lysosomes leads to digestion of apoptotic adipocytes and foam cell formation.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Involvement of lysosomal proteins in morphology-driven toxicity of (nano)fibers.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Article
- Protocol for the quantification of digestive exophagy in cell culture.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Fatty acid metabolism and lipid channeling in macrophages: mechanisms of inflammation, resolution, and lipotoxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The landscape of cellular immune alteration in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunometabolism in obesity: Understanding the beneficial and detrimental roles of inflammation.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Lysosomal exocytosis by macrophages as a druggable mechanism for anti-inflammatory clearance of dead adipocytes in adipose tissue.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Influence of Weight Loss and Weight Regain on Adipose Tissue Inflammation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Review
- Immunometabolic Crosstalk in Adipose Tissue Remodeling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Deletion of EP3 prostaglandin receptor in murine macrophages aggravates diet-induced obesity by suppressing SPARC.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Diverse Functions of Macrophages in Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Bridging Inflammation and Metabolism.Immune network · 2025Review
- Of Tingible Bodies and Starry Skies: Control of Normal and Malignant Tissues Through Apoptotic Cell-Dependent Communication (ACDC).Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Microglia degrade Alzheimer's amyloid-beta deposits extracellularly via digestive exophagy.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Key questions and gaps in understanding adipose tissue macrophages and early-life metabolic programming.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- Dynamic Roles and Expanding Diversity of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- The endoplasmic reticulum stress protein GRP94 modulates cathepsin L activity in M2 macrophages in conditions of obesity-associated inflammation and contributes to their pro-inflammatory profile.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Article
- Obesity-associated inflammatory macrophage polarization is inhibited by capsaicin and phytolignans.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue: an overview.Frontiers of medicine · 2024Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many types of apoptotic cells are phagocytosed and digested by macrophages. Adipocytes can be hundreds of times larger than macrophages, so they are too large to be digested by conventional phagocytic processes. The nature of the interaction between macrophages and apoptotic adipocytes has not been studied in detail. We describe a cellular process, termed exophagy, that is important for macrophage clearance of dead adipocytes and adipose tissue homeostasis. Using mouse models of obesity, human tissue, and a cell culture model, we show that macrophages form hydrolytic extracellular compartments at points of contact with dead adipocytes using local actin polymerization. These compartments are acidic and contain lysosomal enzymes delivered by exocytosis. Uptake and complete degradation of adipocyte fragments, which are released by extracellular hydrolysis, leads to macrophage foam cell formation. Exophagy-mediated foam cell formation is a highly efficient means by which macrophages internalize large amounts of lipid, which may ultimately overwhelm the metabolic capacity of the macrophage. This process provides a mechanism for degradation of objects, such as dead adipocytes, that are too large to be phagocytosed by macrophages.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.