ArticleThe AAPS journal2016
Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Mixtures: Demands, Gaps, and Possible Bridges.
Article in The AAPS journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental Risk Assessment in Pharmaceutical Regulation: A Comparative Review of EMA, U.S. FDA and CDSCO Guidelines.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Review
- Wastewater remediation of pharmaceuticals with ozone and granular active carbon: a risk-driven approach.Environmental science : water research & technology · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluating the Impact of Individual and Combined Toxicity of Imidacloprid, Cycloxaprid, and Tebuconazole onToxics · 2023Article
- Juxtaposition of intensive agriculture, vulnerable aquifers, and mixed chemical/microbial exposures in private-well tapwater in northeast Iowa.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Article
- Ecological Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in the Transboundary Vecht River (Germany and The Netherlands).Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2022Article
- Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- Is ionizing radiation effective in removing pharmaceuticals from wastewater?Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- The Toxic Effects of Antibiotics on Freshwater and Marine Photosynthetic Microorganisms: State of the Art.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Risk assessment of an organochlorine pesticide mixture in the surface waters of Qingshitan Reservoir in Southwest China.RSC advances · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ecotoxicological risk of pharmaceutical mixtures typically exceeds the risk of each individual compound, which calls specific attention to the fact that monitoring surveys routinely find complex pharmaceutical mixtures in various environmental compartments. However, although the body of evidence on the ecotoxicology of pharmaceutical mixtures is quite consistent, the current guidelines for the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals often do not explicitly address mixture effects. Data availability and acceptable methods often limit such assessments. A tiered approach that begins with summing up individual risk quotients, i.e., the ratio between the predicted or measured environmental concentration and the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) is therefore suggested in this paper, in order to improve the realism of the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals. Additionally, the use of a mixture-specific assessment factor, as well as the classical mixture toxicity concepts of concentration addition and independent action is explored. Finally, specific attention is given to the exposure-based waiving of environmental risk assessments, as currently implemented in screening or pre-screening phases (tier 0 in Europe, categorical exclusion in the USA), since even low, individually non-toxic concentrations might combine to produce substantial mixture effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27044369What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.