ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2016
Detailed analysis of sputum and systemic inflammation in asthma phenotypes: are paucigranulocytic asthmatics really non-inflammatory?
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood eosinophil counts in the general population and airways disease: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis.The European respiratory journal · 2022Pooled it
- Distinct associations of sputum and oral microbiota with atopic, immunologic, and clinical features in mild asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Trial
- Neutrophilic Asthma-From Mechanisms to New Perspectives of Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Targeting ADAM17 to dampen dendritic cell-mediated type 2 immune responses and airway inflammation associated with allergic asthma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Non-T2 asthma.Current opinion in pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- Integrative Roles of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines on Airway Smooth Muscle Structure and Function in Asthma.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Subtype prevalence and treatment implication in adolescents and adults with mild-to-moderate asthma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing unraveled immune-related expression heterogeneity and lymphoid cell development dysregulation in childhood asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Advances in non-type 2 severe asthma: from molecular insights to novel treatment strategies.The European respiratory journal · 2024Review
- Asthma Inflammatory Phenotypes: How Can We Distinguish Them?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The potential role of n-3 fatty acids and their lipid mediators on asthmatic airway inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Developments in the Management of Severe Asthma in Children and Adolescents: Focus on Dupilumab and Tezepelumab.Paediatric drugs · 2023Review
- Methodological Aspects of Induced Sputum.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Review
- Cytokine-targeted therapies for asthma and COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- Phenotype overlap in the natural history of asthma.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- T2-Low Asthma: A Discussed but Still Orphan Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Asthma inflammatory phenotypes on four continents: most asthma is non-eosinophilic.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Non-eosinophilic asthma in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated respiratory disease.Clinical and translational allergy · 2023Article
- How does cigarette smoking affect airway remodeling in asthmatics?Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Review
- Forthcoming complications in recovered COVID-19 patients with COPD and asthma; possible therapeutic opportunities.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe technique of induced sputum has allowed to subdivide asthma patients into inflammatory phenotypes according to their level of granulocyte airway infiltration. There are very few studies which looked at detailed sputum and blood cell counts in a large cohort of asthmatics divided into inflammatory phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to analyze sputum cell counts, blood leukocytes and systemic inflammatory markers in these phenotypes, and investigate how those groups compared with healthy subjects.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on 833 asthmatics recruited from the University Asthma Clinic of Liege and compared them with 194 healthy subjects. Asthmatics were classified into inflammatory phenotypes.
resultsThe total non-squamous cell count per gram of sputum was greater in mixed granulocytic and neutrophilic phenotypes as compared to eosinophilic, paucigranulocytic asthma and healthy subjects (p < 0.005). Sputum eosinophils (in absolute values and percentages) were increased in all asthma phenotypes including paucigranulocytic asthma, compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.005). Eosinophilic asthma showed higher absolute sputum neutrophil and lymphocyte counts than healthy subjects (p < 0.005), while neutrophilic asthmatics had a particularly low number of sputum macrophages and epithelial cells. All asthma phenotypes showed an increased blood leukocyte count compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.005), with paucigranulocytic asthmatics having also increased absolute blood eosinophils compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.005). Neutrophilic asthma had raised CRP and fibrinogen while eosinophilic asthma only showed raised fibrinogen compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.005).
conclusionsThis study demonstrates that a significant eosinophilic inflammation is present across all categories of asthma, and that paucigranulocytic asthma may be seen as a low grade inflammatory disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.