ArticleInternational journal of public health2016
Determinant factors of physical fitness in European children.
Article in International journal of public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Polygenic scores and physical fitness prediction: a systematic review.Human genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Association between breakfast consumption frequency and handgrip strength and standing long jump: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Factors related to lower limb performance in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years: A systematic review with meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Behavioral Correlates of Muscular Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Pooled it
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Childhood and Adolescence Affects Future Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Pooled it
- Physical fitness reference standards for Chinese children and adolescents.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Evaluation of a Pilot School-Based Physical Activity Clustered Randomised Controlled Trial-Active Schools: Skelmersdale.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Trial
- Associations of Fat Mass and Fat-Free Mass with Physical Fitness in 4-Year-Old Children: Results from the MINISTOP Trial.Nutrients · 2016Trial
- Beyond theChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The role of personal and psychological, social and environmental factors in determining physical activity in Turkish school-aged adolescents: in the context of a socio-ecological model.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Impact of age, sex, body constitution, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical fitness of 38,084 German primary school children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Differences Between Health- and Skill-Related Physical Fitness Profiles of Kenyan Children from Urban and Rural Areas: The Kenya-LINX Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Possible determinants of physical fitness in Japanese school children: A cross-sectional study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Interactive Video Games Training on the Quality of Life of Children Treated for Leukemia.Cancers · 2024Article
- Lifestyle as a Modulator of the Effects on Fitness of an Integrated Neuromuscular Training in Primary Education.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Assessment of nutritional status, physical fitness and physical activity of school going adolescents (12-15 years) in Delhi.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Influence of physical fitness and weight status on autonomic cardiac modulation in children.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on cardiometabolic risk factors in schoolchildren.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Cross-Sectional Analysis of Family Factors Associated with Lifestyle Habits in a Sample of Italian Primary School Children: The I-MOVE Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Patterns of Movement Performance among Japanese Children and Effects of Parenting Practices: Latent class analysis.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study was designed to explore the determinants of physical fitness in European children aged 6-11 years, cross-sectionally and longitudinally.
methodsThere were sufficient data on 4903 children (50.6 % girls) on measured physical fitness (cardio-respiratory, muscular strength, flexibility, balance, and speed) and possible determinants related to child characteristics, child lifestyle and parental factors. Multivariate and mixed linear regression models were conducted.
resultsAge, sex, children's BMI and physical activity were independent and strong determinants of children's fitness. Significant but small effects were found for low maternal BMI, high psychosocial well-being and fruit and vegetable intake as protective determinants. Sleep duration, breakfast intake, parental age and education and paternal BMI did not have a consistently significant effect on physical fitness. The role of determinants depended on children's sex and the specific PF component. Longitudinal analyses especially highlighted the importance of child's BMI as physical fitness determinant, independent of physical activity.
conclusionsBMI together with physical activity, diet and psychosocial factors are modifiable targets to enhance physical fitness. This calls for policy approaches that combine these factors in a systematic way.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.