Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27042418›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of endocrinology and metabolism

Gender differences in 7 years trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and lipids in India: Insights from a hospital database.

Rajeev Gupta, Madhawi Sharma, Neeraj Krishna Goyal, Preeti Bansal, Sailesh Lodha, Krishna Kumar Sharma

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Review
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  11. Global epidemiology of dyslipidaemias.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2021
    Review
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Are the Levels of Lipid Parameters Associated with Biometeorological Conditions?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Observational
  17. Article
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rajeev GuptaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Madhawi SharmaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Neeraj Krishna GoyalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Preeti BansalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Sailesh LodhaDepartment of Endocrinology, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Krishna Kumar SharmaDepartment of Research, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Fortis Escorts Hospital · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine gender differences and secular trends in total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high DL (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides using a large hospital database in India.

methodsAll blood lipid tests evaluated from July 2007 to December 2014 were analyzed. Details of gender and age were available. Statin therapy was obtained at two separate periods. Trends were calculated using linear regression and Mantel-Haenszel X(2).

resultsData of 67395 subjects (men 49,904, women 17,491) aged 51 ± 12 years were analyzed. Mean levels (mg/dl) were total cholesterol 174.7 ± 45, LDL cholesterol 110.7 ± 38, non-HDL cholesterol 132.1 ± 44.8, HDL cholesterol 44.1 ± 10, triglycerides 140.8 ± 99, and total: HDL cholesterol 4.44 ± 1.5. Various dyslipidemias in men/women were total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl 25.4/36.4%, LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dl 28.1/35.0% and ≥100 mg/dl 54.4/66.4%, non-HDL cholesterol ≥160 mg/dl 25.5/29.6%, HDL cholesterol <40/50 mg/dl 54.4/64.4%, and triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl 34.0/26.8%. Cholesterol lipoproteins declined over 7 years with greater decline in men versus women for cholesterol (Blinear regression = -0.82 vs. -0.33, LDL cholesterol (-1.01 vs. -0.65), non-HDL cholesterol (-0.88 vs. -0.52), and total: HDL cholesterol (-0.02 vs. -0.01). In men versus women there was greater decline in prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (X(2) trend 74.5 vs. 1.60), LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dl (X(2) trend 415.5 vs. 25.0) and ≥100 mg/dl (X(2) trend 501.5 vs. 237.4), non-HDL cholesterol (X(2) trend 77.4 vs. 6.85), total: HDL cholesterol (X(2) trend 212.7 vs. 10.5) and high triglycerides (X(2) trend 10.8 vs. 6.15) (P < 0.01). Use of statins was in 2.6% (36/1405) in 2008 and 9.0% (228/2527) in 2014 (P < 0.01). Statin use was significantly lower in women (5.8%) than men (10.3%).

conclusionsIn a large hospital - database we observed greater hypercholesterolemia and low HDL cholesterol in women. Mean levels and prevalence of high total, LDL, non-HDL and total: HDL cholesterol declined over 7 years. A lower decline was observed in women. This was associated with lower use of statins.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular diseasecholesteroldyslipidemias

Identifiers

PMID27042418
PMCPMC4792023
OpenAlexW2264047502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.