ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2016
Modulation of liver tolerance by conventional and nonconventional antigen-presenting cells and regulatory immune cells.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
177 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 275 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy or antiangiogenic agent-based treatment strategies versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Liver metastases and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- First-Line Systemic Treatment Strategies for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Clinicopathological Characteristics on the Survival of Patients Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Monotherapy or Combination Therapy for Advanced Cancer: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of immunology research · 2020Pooled it
- Benmelstobart, anlotinib and chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Engineering tolerogenic mRNA-LNPs for allergen-specific immune reprogramming in pollen allergy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Nanoparticles targeting liver sinusoidal endothelial cells improve tolerance to vector and transgene antigens through tolerance spreading.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Peptide hormones and bile acids shaping immune tolerance of the liver: implications and applications.Protein & cell · 2026Review
- Thermoreversibly assembled polymersomes for highly efficient loading, processing and delivery of protein and siRNA biologics.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- CD103-Positive Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Predict a Favorable Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting metabolic-epigenetic-immune axis in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Neonatal liver niches program T cell tolerance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Emerging nano-immunotherapeutic strategies achieve metastatic colorectal cancer precision therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Hepatic Viral Reservoirs in Concurrent HIV and HBV: From Mechanistic Insight to Integrated Cure Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Reframing the paradigm: stereotactic body radiation therapy as an engineer of the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Platelet-mediated progression of fatty liver disease in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: a pathophysiological review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The immunometabolic nature of MASH: framing immune cells within metabolic dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Revealing the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis and research progress in drug discovery from hepatic immune cells and intercellular communication signaling mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The liver is a tolerogenic organ with exquisite mechanisms of immune regulation that ensure upkeep of local and systemic immune tolerance to self and foreign antigens, but that is also able to mount effective immune responses against pathogens. The immune privilege of liver allografts was recognized first in pigs in spite of major histo-compatibility complex mismatch, and termed the "liver tolerance effect". Furthermore, liver transplants are spontaneously accepted with only low-dose immunosuppression, and induce tolerance for non-hepatic co-transplanted allografts of the same donor. Although this immunotolerogenic environment is favorable in the setting of organ transplantation, it is detrimental in chronic infectious liver diseases like hepatitis B or C, malaria, schistosomiasis or tumorigenesis, leading to pathogen persistence and weak anti-tumor effects. The liver is a primary site of T-cell activation, but it elicits poor or incomplete activation of T cells, leading to their abortive activation, exhaustion, suppression of their effector function and early death. This is exploited by pathogens and can impair pathogen control and clearance or allow tumor growth. Hepatic priming of T cells is mediated by a number of local conventional and nonconventional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which promote tolerance by immune deviation, induction of T-cell anergy or apoptosis, and generating and expanding regulatory T cells. This review will focus on the communication between classical and nonclassical APCs and lymphocytes in the liver in tolerance induction and will discuss recent insights into the role of innate lymphocytes in this process.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.