Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27038936›Full record

ArticleMagma (New York, N.Y.)2016

Measurements of RF power reflected and radiated by multichannel transmit MR coils at 7T.

Gerd Weidemann, Frank Seifert, Werner Hoffmann, Harald Pfeiffer, Reiner Seemann, Bernd Ittermann

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Article in Magma (New York, N.Y.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. 7T MR Safety.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2021
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gerd WeidemannPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
Frank SeifertPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
Werner HoffmannPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
Harald PfeifferPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
Reiner SeemannPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
Bernd IttermannPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany. bernd.ittermann@ptb.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe power balance of multichannel transmit coils is a central consideration in assessing performance and safety issues. At ultrahigh fields, in addition to absorption and reflection, radiofrequency (RF) radiation into the far field becomes a concern. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe engineered a system for in situ measurement of complex-valued scattering parameter (S-parameter) matrices of multichannel transmit coils that allows for the calculation of the reflected and accepted power for arbitrary steering conditions. The radiated power from an RF coil inside a large single-mode waveguide couples to that mode. Finite-difference time-domain simulations were used for the calculations, and E-field probes were used to measure the electric field distribution, and hence the radiated power, in the waveguide. To test this concept, an eight-channel shielded-loop array for 7T imaging was studied inside a 280-cm-long cylindrical waveguide with a 60-cm diameter.

resultsFor a 7T parallel-transmit coil, the S-parameters were measured and the reflected power calculated as a function of steering conditions. Maximum radiated power was observed for the circularly polarized mode.

conclusionA system was developed for in situ S-parameter measurements combined with a method for determining radiated power, allowing a complete assessment of the power balance of multichannel transmit coils at 7T.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyRadio WavesAlgorithmsElectromagnetic RadiationEquipment and SuppliesEquipment DesignMagnetic Resonance ImagingPatient SafetyPhantoms, ImagingPolyethyleneScattering, RadiationPolyethyleneMagnetic resonance imagingParallel transmissionPower balanceRadiated powerRF safety

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.