ReviewThe Journal of clinical investigation2016
Extracellular vesicles and infectious diseases: new complexity to an old story.
Review in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 257 citations in OpenAlex.
- Type 2 Diabetes: How Much of an Autoimmune Disease?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Pooled it
- Redox-mediated activation of PI3K/PTEN pathways by A. baumannii OMV-V. myrtillus conjugate in pancreatic cancer cells.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Subset binding enables detection of multimodal patient subgroup patterns and drug target discovery in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Molecular Evaluation of Different Enrichment Methods for Extracellular Vesicles from Healthy Subjects' Biobanked Serum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in NCM460 intestinal epithelial cells induces antiviral factors that restrict HIV infection in macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- 80 years of extracellular vesicles: from discovery to clinical translation.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- CD169Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as cell-free therapeutics: mechanistic insights and engineering strategies for liver disease treatment.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Exosome-Based Drug Delivery: A Next-Generation Platform for Cancer, Infection, Neurological and Immunological Diseases, Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Integrins from extracellular vesicles as players in tumor microenvironment and metastasis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
- The role of extracellular vesicles in murine asthma model: insights into IgE-independent mast cell activation within animal science.Journal of animal science and technology · 2025Article
- Cutting-Edge Sensor Technologies for Exosome Detection: Reviewing Role of Antibodies and Aptamers.Biosensors · 2025Review
- The dual role of extracellular vesicles derived from animal and human immune cells: A systematic review.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2025Review
- Host-Pathogen Cellular Communication: The Role of Dynamin, Clathrin, and Macropinocytosis in the Uptake of Giardia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.ACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Recent Insights into the Evolving Role of the Gut Microbiome in Critical Care.Critical care clinics · 2025Review
- Migrasomes, critical players in intercellular communication.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- A Primer on Proteomic Characterization of Intercellular Communication in a Virus Microenvironment.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Liver Diseases.Viruses · 2024Review
- Cellulose Nanofibrils of High Immunoaffinity for Efficient Enrichment of Small Extracellular Vesicles.Small methods · 2024Article
- Monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles, stimulated by Trypanosoma cruzi, enhance cellular invasion in vitro via activated TGF-β1.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes and other extracellular microvesicles (ExMVs) have important functions in intercellular communication and regulation. During the course of infection, these vesicles can convey pathogen molecules that serve as antigens or agonists of innate immune receptors to induce host defense and immunity, or that serve as regulators of host defense and mediators of immune evasion. These molecules may include proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Pathogen molecules may be disseminated by incorporation into vesicles that are created and shed by host cells, or they may be incorporated into vesicles shed from microbial cells. Involvement of ExMVs in the induction of immunity and host defense is widespread among many pathogens, whereas their involvement in immune evasion mechanisms is prominent among pathogens that establish chronic infection and is found in some that cause acute infection. Because of their immunogenicity and enrichment of pathogen molecules, exosomes may also have potential in vaccine preparations and as diagnostic markers. Additionally, the ability of exosomes to deliver molecules to recipient cells raises the possibility of their use for drug/therapy delivery. Thus, ExMVs play a major role in the pathogenesis of infection and provide exciting potential for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.